Related papers: Are Leptons as elementary as Quarks?
We give examples of minimal extensions of the simplest SU(5) SUSY-GUT in which all squarks and sleptons of a family have different tree level masses at the unification scale. This phenomenon is general; it occurs when the quarks and leptons…
We assume that all quark and lepton mass matrices have upper triangular form. Using all available experimental data on quark and lepton masses and mixing angles we make a fit in which we determine mass matrices elements. There are too many…
An extension of the Standard Model to the local gauge group SU(3)_c X SU(3)_L X U(1)_X as a family independent model is presented. The mass scales, the gauge boson masses and the masses for the spin 1/2 particles in the model are studied.…
Extension of particle symmetry implies new conserved charges and the lightest particles, possessing such charges, should be stable. Created in early Universe, stable charged heavy leptons and quarks can exist and, hidden in elusive atoms…
Understanding the structure of the fermion mixing matrices is an important question in particle physics. The quark mixing matrix is approximately diagonal while the lepton mixing matrix has large off-diagonal elements. Attempting to…
It is suggested that there is an underlying symmetry which relates the quark and lepton sectors. Namely, among the mixing matrix elements of CKM for quarks and PMNS for leptons there exist complementarity relations at a high energy scale…
Strongly coupled supersymmetric theories can give rise to composite quarks and leptons at low energy. We show that the internal structure of these particles can explain the origin of three generations and provide a qualitative understanding…
The charged fermion masses of the three generations exhibit the two strong hierarchies m_3 >> m_2 >> m_1. We assume that also neutrino masses satisfy m_{nu 3} > m_{nu 2} > m_{nu 1} and derive the consequences of the hierarchical spectra on…
In family unification models, all three families of quarks and leptons are grouped together into an irreducible representation of a simple gauge group, thus unifying the Standard Model gauge symmetries and a gauged family symmetry. Large…
We discuss the minimal theory for quark-lepton unification at the low scale. In this context, the quarks and leptons are unified in the same representations and neutrino masses are generated through the inverse seesaw mechanism. The…
We turn back to the hypothesis that the Pauli principle, acting intrinsically within leptons and quarks, is the origin of their three generations. The adequate formalism is based on the generalized Dirac equations arising (in the…
Defining, in the framework of quantum field theory, their mass eigenstates through their matricial propagator, we show why the mixing matrices of non-degenerate coupled systems should not be parametrized as unitary. This is how, for…
By exploring possible physical sense of notions, structures, and logic in a class of noncommutative geometries, we try to unify the four fundamental interactions within an axiomatic quantum picture. We identify the objects and algebraic…
We present an $E_6$ Grand Unified model with a realistic pattern of fermion masses. All standard model fermions are unified in three fundamental 27-plets (i.e. supersymmetry is not invoked), which involve in addition right handed neutrinos…
We show that the non-appearance of gluons and quarks as physical particles is a rigorous and automatic result of the full, i.e. nonperturbative, nonabelian nature of the color interaction in quantum chromodynamics. This makes it in general…
Obtaining the rest mass of leptons with electric charge minus 1 is pursued by considering the existence of a medium made up of sub-quantum particles, called etherons, having a rest energy at the lowest limit which is possible in the…
We argue that simpler fermionic contents, responsible for the extension of the standard model with gauged lepton and baryon charges, can be constructed by assuming existence of so-called leptoquarks (j,k) with exotic electric charges…
The 3-Kronecker quiver has two vertices, namely a sink and a source, and 3 arrows. A regular representation of a representation-infinite quiver such as the 3-Kronecker quiver is said to be elementary provided it is non-zero and not a proper…
In the minimal 3-3-1 model charged leptons come in a non-diagonal basis. Moreover the Yukawa interactions of the model lead to a non-hermitian charged lepton mass matrix. In other words, the minimal 3-3-1 model presents a very complex…
An extension of the Standard Model to the local gauge group $SU(3)_c\otimes SU(3)_L\otimes U(1)_X$ which is a subgroup of the electroweak-strong unification group $E_6$ is analyzed. The mass scales, the gauge boson masses, and the masses…