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Learning in games considers how multiple agents maximize their own rewards through repeated games. Memory, an ability that an agent changes his/her action depending on the history of actions in previous games, is often introduced into…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Yuma Fujimoto , Kaito Ariu , Kenshi Abe

This paper presents a multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithm to represent strategic bidding behavior in freight transport markets. Using this algorithm, we investigate whether feasible market equilibriums arise without any central…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Wouter van Heeswijk

Multiagent systems provide an ideal environment for the evaluation and analysis of real-world problems using reinforcement learning algorithms. Most traditional approaches to multiagent learning are affected by long training periods as well…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Unnikrishnan Rajendran Menon , Anirudh Rajiv Menon

Advances in reinforcement learning research have demonstrated the ways in which different agent-based models can learn how to optimally perform a task within a given environment. Reinforcement leaning solves unsupervised problems where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Herkulaas Combrink , Vukosi Marivate , Benjamin Rosman

In many settings where multiple agents interact, the optimal choices for each agent depend heavily on the choices of the others. These coupled interactions are well-described by a general-sum differential game, in which players have…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-07 Lasse Peters , David Fridovich-Keil , Claire J. Tomlin , Zachary N. Sunberg

Multi-agent systems are prevalent in a wide range of domains including power systems, vehicular networks, and robotics. Two important problems to solve in these types of systems are how the intentions of non-coordinating agents can be…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Benjamin Alcorn , Eman Hammad

Zero-sum games have long guided artificial intelligence research, since they possess both a rich strategy space of best-responses and a clear evaluation metric. What's more, competition is a vital mechanism in many real-world multi-agent…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Edward Hughes , Thomas W. Anthony , Tom Eccles , Joel Z. Leibo , David Balduzzi , Yoram Bachrach

We propose a decentralized game-theoretic framework for dynamic task allocation problems for multi-agent systems. In our problem formulation, the agents' utilities depend on both the rewards and the costs associated with the successful…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Efstathios Bakolas , Yoonjae Lee

A fundamental problem in noncooperative dynamic game theory is the computation of Nash equilibria under different information structures, which specify the information available to each agent during decision-making. Prior work has…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Janani S K , Kushagra Gupta , Ufuk Topcu , David Fridovich-Keil

In multiagent systems, the complex interaction of fixed incentives can lead agents to outcomes that are poor (inefficient) not only for the group, but also for each individual. Price of anarchy is a technical, game-theoretic definition that…

Synthesis of finite-state controllers from high-level specifications in multi-agent systems can be reduced to solving multi-player concurrent games over finite graphs. The complexity of solving such games with qualitative objectives for…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Shaull Almagor , Rajeev Alur , Suguman Bansal

Several multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms have been proposed to optimize agents decisions. Due to the complexity of the problem, the majority of the previously developed MARL algorithms assumed agents either had some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-01-16 Sherief Abdallah , Victor Lesser

We study Nash equilibrium learning in partially observable Markov games (POMGs), a multi-agent reinforcement learning framework in which agents cannot fully observe the underlying state. Prior work in this setting relies on centralization…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Philip Jordan , Maryam Kamgarpour

We study the process of multi-agent reinforcement learning in the context of load balancing in a distributed system, without use of either central coordination or explicit communication. We first define a precise framework in which to study…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-11-17 A. Schaerf , Y. Shoham , M. Tennenholtz

We consider a multi-agent reinforcement learning problem where each agent seeks to maximize a shared reward while interacting with other agents, and they may or may not be able to communicate. Typically the agents do not have access to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Alex Tong Lin , Mark J. Debord , Katia Estabridis , Gary Hewer , Guido Montufar , Stanley Osher

We propose a new variant of the strategic classification problem: a principal reveals a classifier, and $n$ agents report their (possibly manipulated) features to be classified. Motivated by real-world applications, our model crucially…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Safwan Hossain , Evi Micha , Yiling Chen , Ariel Procaccia

We initiate the study of Preference-Based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (PbMARL), exploring both theoretical foundations and empirical validations. We define the task as identifying the Nash equilibrium from a preference-only offline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Natalia Zhang , Xinqi Wang , Qiwen Cui , Runlong Zhou , Sham M. Kakade , Simon S. Du

In the theory of multi-agent systems, deception refers to the strategic manipulation of information to influence the behavior of other agents, ultimately altering the long-term dynamics of the entire system. Recently, this concept has been…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-27 Michael Tang , Miroslav Krstic , Jorge Poveda

We study optimal equilibria in multi-player games. An equilibrium is optimal for a player, if her payoff is maximal. A tempting approach to solving this problem is to seek optimal Nash equilibria, the standard form of equilibria where no…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-07-09 Anshul Gupta , Sven Schewe

Autonomous and learning agents increasingly participate in markets - setting prices, placing bids, ordering inventory. Such agents are not just aiming to optimize in an uncertain environment; they are making decisions in a game-theoretical…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Martin Bichler , Julius Durmann , Matthias Oberlechner