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Over the last few years, contextualized pre-trained transformer models such as BERT have provided substantial improvements on information retrieval tasks. Recent approaches based on pre-trained transformer models such as BERT, fine-tune…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Negar Arabzadeh , Xinyi Yan , Charles L. A. Clarke

Relation extraction (RE) consists in identifying and structuring automatically relations of interest from texts. Recently, BERT improved the top performances for several NLP tasks, including RE. However, the best way to use BERT, within a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Walid Hafiane , Joel Legrand , Yannick Toussaint , Adrien Coulet

We propose PromptBERT, a novel contrastive learning method for learning better sentence representation. We firstly analyze the drawback of current sentence embedding from original BERT and find that it is mainly due to the static token…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Ting Jiang , Jian Jiao , Shaohan Huang , Zihan Zhang , Deqing Wang , Fuzhen Zhuang , Furu Wei , Haizhen Huang , Denvy Deng , Qi Zhang

Background: Identifying relationships between clinical events and temporal expressions is a key challenge in meaningfully analyzing clinical text for use in advanced AI applications. While previous studies exist, the state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Hong Guan , Jianfu Li , Hua Xu , Murthy Devarakonda

This study compares the effectiveness and robustness of multi-class categorization of Amazon product data using transfer learning on pre-trained contextualized language models. Specifically, we fine-tuned BERT and XLNet, two bidirectional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-24 Xinyi Liu , Artit Wangperawong

We present the results of our participation in the DIACR-Ita shared task on lexical semantic change detection for Italian. We exploit Average Pairwise Distance of token-based BERT embeddings between time points and rank 5 (of 8) in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Severin Laicher , Gioia Baldissin , Enrique Castañeda , Dominik Schlechtweg , Sabine Schulte im Walde

Knowledge is acquired by humans through experience, and no boundary is set between the kinds of knowledge or skill levels we can achieve on different tasks at the same time. When it comes to Neural Networks, that is not the case. The…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Charaf Eddine Benarab

Pre-trained language models such as BERT have exhibited remarkable performances in many tasks in natural language understanding (NLU). The tokens in the models are usually fine-grained in the sense that for languages like English they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Xinsong Zhang , Pengshuai Li , Hang Li

Long context may impose challenges for encoder-only language models in text processing, specifically for automated scoring of essays. This study trained several commonly used encoder-based language models for automated scoring of long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Kuo Wang , Haowei Hua , Pengfei Yan , Hong Jiao , Dan Song

Over the past few decades, Artificial Intelligence(AI) has progressed from the initial machine learning stage to the deep learning stage, and now to the stage of foundational models. Foundational models have the characteristics of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Lewen Yang , Xuanyu Zhou , Juao Fan , Xinyi Xie , Shengxin Zhu

The Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model has been radically improving the performance of many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks such as Text Classification and Named Entity Recognition (NER)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Leonard Dahlmann , Tomer Lancewicki

Word embeddings and convolutional neural networks (CNN) have attracted extensive attention in various classification tasks for Twitter, e.g. sentiment classification. However, the effect of the configuration used to train and generate the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Xiao Yang , Craig Macdonald , Iadh Ounis

This work evaluates Sentence-BERT for a multi-label code comment classification task seeking to maximize the classification performance while controlling efficiency constraints during inference. Using a dataset of 13,216 labeled comment…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Fabian C. Peña , Steffen Herbold

Recently, the development of pre-trained language models has brought natural language processing (NLP) tasks to the new state-of-the-art. In this paper we explore the efficiency of various pre-trained language models. We pre-train a list of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Tong Guo

Pre-trained language models have shown remarkable results on various NLP tasks. Nevertheless, due to their bulky size and slow inference speed, it is hard to deploy them on edge devices. In this paper, we have a critical insight that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Chenhe Dong , Guangrun Wang , Hang Xu , Jiefeng Peng , Xiaozhe Ren , Xiaodan Liang

Language modeling is a fundamental task in natural language processing, which has been thoroughly explored with various architectures and hyperparameters. However, few studies focus on the effect of sub-word segmentation on the performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Jue Hou , Anisia Katinskaia , Anh-Duc Vu , Roman Yangarber

Fine-tuning BERT-based models is resource-intensive in memory, computation, and time. While many prior works aim to improve inference efficiency via compression techniques, e.g., pruning, these works do not explicitly address the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Danilo Vucetic , Mohammadreza Tayaranian , Maryam Ziaeefard , James J. Clark , Brett H. Meyer , Warren J. Gross

In light of the success of transferring language models into NLP tasks, we ask whether the full BERT model is always the best and does it exist a simple but effective method to find the winning ticket in state-of-the-art deep neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Jing Fan , Xin Zhang , Sheng Zhang , Yan Pan , Lixiang Guo

Encoder-only languages models are frequently used for a variety of standard machine learning tasks, including classification and retrieval. However, there has been a lack of recent research for encoder models, especially with respect to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Marc Marone , Orion Weller , William Fleshman , Eugene Yang , Dawn Lawrie , Benjamin Van Durme

Pretrained character-level and byte-level language models have been shown to be competitive with popular subword models across a range of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, there has been little research on their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Lukas Edman , Gabriele Sarti , Antonio Toral , Gertjan van Noord , Arianna Bisazza