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We find that rank deficiency of the local Hamiltonian in a classically fragmented model is the key mechanism leading to quantum Hilbert space fragmentation. The rank deficiency produces local null directions that can generate entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Zihan Zhou , Tian-Hua Yang , Bo-Ting Chen

We discuss the effects of exponential fragmentation of the Hilbert space on phase transitions in the context of coupled ferromagnetic Ising models in arbitrary dimension with special emphasis on the one dimensional case. We show that the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-02-18 Pranay Patil , Anders W. Sandvik

Hilbert space fragmentation, as it is currently investigated, primarily originates from specific kinematic constraints or emergent conservation laws in many-body systems with translation invariance. It leads to non-ergodic dynamics and…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-10-23 Ishita Modak , Rajesh Narayanan , Ferdinand Evers , Soumya Bera

Investigating many-body localization (MBL) using exact numerical methods is limited by the exponentialgrowth of the Hilbert space. However, localized eigenstates display multifractality and only extend over a vanishing fraction of the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-01-13 Francesca Pietracaprina , Nicolas Laflorencie

While quantum statistical mechanics triumphs in explaining many equilibrium phenomena, there is an increasing focus on going beyond conventional scenarios of thermalization. Traditionally examples of non-thermalizing systems are either…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2026-04-07 Joel Steinegger , Debasish Banerjee , Emilie Huffman , Lukas Rammelmüller

Quantum thermalization occurs in a broad class of systems from elementary particles to complex materials. Out-of-equilibrium quantum systems have long been understood to either thermalize or retain memory of their initial states, but not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-20 Luheng Zhao , Prithvi Raj Datla , Weikun Tian , Mohammad Mujahid Aliyu , Huanqian Loh

We consider spin chain models with local Hamiltonians that display weak ergodicity breaking. In these models, the majority of the eigenstates are thermal, but there is a distinguished subspace of the Hilbert space in which ergodicity is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-06-24 Hosho Katsura , Chihiro Matsui , Chiara Paletta , Balázs Pozsgay

We examine how to construct a spatial manifold and its geometry from the entanglement structure of an abstract quantum state in Hilbert space. Given a decomposition of Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$ into a tensor product of factors, we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-02-01 ChunJun Cao , Sean M. Carroll , Spyridon Michalakis

We study the possible breakdown of quantum thermalization in a model of itinerant electrons on a one-dimensional chain without disorder, with both spin and charge degrees of freedom. The eigenstates of this model exhibit peculiar properties…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-02-20 James R. Garrison , Ryan V. Mishmash , Matthew P. A. Fisher

We present a technique to coarse-grain quantum states in a finite-dimensional Hilbert space. Our method is distinguished from other approaches by not relying on structures such as a preferred factorization of Hilbert space or a preferred…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-16 Ashmeet Singh , Sean M. Carroll

We study Hilbert space fragmentation and quantum scars in quantum spin systems with Ising interactions. The system consists of two sets of quantum spins, A and B. As the parent system, set A is an Ising model on arbitrary lattices with a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-04-06 E. S. Ma , Z. Song

In a strongly interacting Rydberg atom array, the dynamics are often constrained to the decoupled Hilbert subspaces, representing an intriguing paradigm for nonergodicity. By considering a variable detuning of the global Rydberg coupling,…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2026-05-05 Wen-Jie Geng , Zhenming Zhang , Wei Yi

We introduce a one-dimensional correlated-hopping model of spinless fermions in which a particle can hop between two neighboring sites only if the sites to the left and right of those two sites have different particle numbers. Using a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-07-11 Sreemayee Aditya , Deepak Dhar , Diptiman Sen

We introduce a family of local models of dynamics based on ``word problems'' from computer science and group theory, for which we can place rigorous lower bounds on relaxation timescales. These models can be regarded either as random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-05 Shankar Balasubramanian , Sarang Gopalakrishnan , Alexey Khudorozhkov , Ethan Lake

The solution space of many classical optimization problems breaks up into clusters which are extensively distant from one another in the Hamming metric. Here, we show that an analogous quantum clustering phenomenon takes place in the ground…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-25 S. C. Morampudi , B. Hsu , S. L. Sondhi , R. Moessner , C. R. Laumann

We investigate the quantum dynamics of the 1D spinless Fermi-Hubbard model with a linear-tilted potential. Surprisingly in a strong resonance regime, we show that the model can be described by the kinetically constrained effective…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-03-01 Wei-Jie Huang , Yu-Biao Wu , Guang-Can Guo , Wu-Ming Liu , Xu-Bo Zou

We review recent results on the dynamics of continuous collapse models (or equivalently continuous measurement models) on finite dimensional Hilbert spaces. We mainly study the pure collapse dynamics, and the competition between collapse…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-14 Antoine Tilloy

We study the phenomenon of Hilbert space fragmentation in isolated Hamiltonian and Floquet quantum systems using the language of commutant algebras, the algebra of all operators that commute with each term of the Hamiltonian or each gate of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-03-29 Sanjay Moudgalya , Olexei I. Motrunich

At the heart of quantum many-body physics lies the understanding of mechanisms that avoid quantum thermalization in an isolated system quenched far from equilibrium. A prominent example is Hilbert space fragmentation, which has recently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-22 Anthony N. Ciavarella , Christian W. Bauer , Jad C. Halimeh

In computational physics it is standard to approximate continuum systems with discretised representations. Here we consider a specific discretisation of the continuum complex Hilbert space of quantum mechanics - a discretisation where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-19 T. N. Palmer