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Diffusion Large Language Models (DLLMs) have emerged as a new paradigm of language modeling beyond autoregressive next-token prediction. Taking advantage of their inherent modeling foundations, DLLMs have the great potential of efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Shutong Wu , Jiawei Zhang

Many language generation models are now available for a wide range of generation tasks, including machine translation and summarization. Combining such diverse models may lead to further progress, but ensembling generation models is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Jungo Kasai , Keisuke Sakaguchi , Ronan Le Bras , Hao Peng , Ximing Lu , Dragomir Radev , Yejin Choi , Noah A. Smith

There is an overwhelmingly large literature and algorithms already available on `large scale inference problems' based on different modeling techniques and cultures. Our primary goal in this paper is \emph{not to add one more new…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-04-03 Subhadeep Mukhopadhyay

Enhancing the mathematical reasoning of large language models (LLMs) demands high-quality training data, yet conventional methods face critical challenges in scalability, cost, and data reliability. To address these limitations, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Sirui Chen , Changxin Tian , Binbin Hu , Kunlong Chen , Ziqi Liu , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jun Zhou

This paper systematically compares different methods of deriving item-level predictions of language models for multiple-choice tasks. It compares scoring methods for answer options based on free generation of responses, various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Polina Tsvilodub , Hening Wang , Sharon Grosch , Michael Franke

The effectiveness of large language models (LLMs) is often hindered by duplicated data in their extensive pre-training datasets. Current approaches primarily focus on detecting and removing duplicates, which risks the loss of valuable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Nan He , Weichen Xiong , Hanwen Liu , Yi Liao , Lei Ding , Kai Zhang , Guohua Tang , Xiao Han , Wei Yang

Recent studies have raised concerns about the potential threats large language models (LLMs) pose to academic integrity and copyright protection. Yet, their investigation is predominantly focused on literal copies of original texts. Also,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jooyoung Lee , Toshini Agrawal , Adaku Uchendu , Thai Le , Jinghui Chen , Dongwon Lee

The performance of natural language generation systems has improved substantially with modern neural networks. At test time they typically employ beam search to avoid locally optimal but globally suboptimal predictions. However, due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-18 James Hargreaves , Andreas Vlachos , Guy Emerson

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) and Program-Aided Language Models (PAL) represent two distinct reasoning methods, each with its own strengths. CoT employs natural language, offering flexibility and interpretability, while PAL utilizes programming…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 James Xu Zhao , Yuxi Xie , Kenji Kawaguchi , Junxian He , Michael Qizhe Xie

Large language models (LLMs) often experience language confusion, which is the unintended mixing of languages during text generation. Current solutions to this problem either necessitate model retraining or cannot differentiate between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Collin Zhang , Fei Huang , Chenhan Yuan , Junyang Lin

In most of neural machine translation distillation or stealing scenarios, the goal is to preserve the performance of the target model (teacher). The highest-scoring hypothesis of the teacher model is commonly used to train a new model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Vilém Zouhar

Large language models have achieved remarkable capabilities, but their practical deployment is hindered by significant computational costs. While adaptive computation methods like early-exiting promise to reduce these costs, they introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Sangmin Bae

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) is intended to improve their reasoning capabilities, yet we uncover a counterintuitive effect: models often forget how to solve problems they previously answered correctly during training. We term…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yuetai Li , Zhangchen Xu , Fengqing Jiang , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Luyao Niu , Bill Yuchen Lin , Xiang Yue , Radha Poovendran

We introduce Data Diversification: a simple but effective strategy to boost neural machine translation (NMT) performance. It diversifies the training data by using the predictions of multiple forward and backward models and then merging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Shafiq Joty , Wu Kui , Ai Ti Aw

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have shifted focus toward scaling inference-time compute, improving performance without retraining the model. A common approach is to sample multiple outputs in parallel, and select one of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Ammar Khairi , Daniel D'souza , Ye Shen , Julia Kreutzer , Sara Hooker

Recent advancements have significantly augmented the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) through various methodologies, especially chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning. However, previous methods fail to address reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Tinghui Zhu , Kai Zhang , Jian Xie , Yu Su

Model ensembling is a technique to combine the predicted distributions of two or more models, often leading to improved robustness and performance. For ensembling in text generation, the next token's probability distribution is derived from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Rachel Wicks , Kartik Ravisankar , Xinchen Yang , Philipp Koehn , Matt Post

Diverse machine translation aims at generating various target language translations for a given source language sentence. Leveraging the linear relationship in the sentence latent space introduced by the mixup training, we propose a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Jicheng Li , Pengzhi Gao , Xuanfu Wu , Yang Feng , Zhongjun He , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Diffusion Large Language Models (DLLMs) have emerged as a compelling alternative to Autoregressive models, designed for fast parallel generation. However, existing DLLMs are plagued by a severe quality-speed trade-off, where faster parallel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Feng Hong , Geng Yu , Yushi Ye , Haicheng Huang , Huangjie Zheng , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Jiangchao Yao

Sequence to sequence (SEQ2SEQ) models often lack diversity in their generated translations. This can be attributed to the limitation of SEQ2SEQ models in capturing lexical and syntactic variations in a parallel corpus resulting from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-18 Xuanli He , Gholamreza Haffari , Mohammad Norouzi