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Stabilizer entropies (SEs) are measures of nonstabilizerness or `magic' that quantify the degree to which a state is described by stabilizers. SEs are especially interesting due to their connections to scrambling, localization and property…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-07 Tobias Haug , Soovin Lee , M. S. Kim

With a finite amount of measurement data acquired in variational quantum algorithms, the statistical benefits of several optimized numerical estimation schemes, including the scaled parameter-shift (SPS) rule and finite-difference (FD)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-07 Yong Siah Teo

Quantum computers are now on the brink of outperforming their classical counterparts. One way to demonstrate the advantage of quantum computation is through quantum random sampling performed on quantum computing devices. However, existing…

Considerable effort in experimental quantum computing is devoted to noisy intermediate scale quantum computers (NISQ computers). Understanding the effect of noise is important for various aspects of this endeavor including notable claims…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-02 Gil Kalai , Yosef Rinott , Tomer Shoham

Cross-entropy benchmarking is a central technique used to certify a quantum chip in recent experiments. To better understand its mathematical foundation and develop new benchmarking schemes, we introduce the concept of ergodicity to random…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-14 Bin Cheng , Fei Meng , Zhi-Jiong Zhang , Man-Hong Yung

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is essential for the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era, and will remain relevant for early fault-tolerant quantum computers, where logical error rates are still significant. However, most QEM methods incur…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-25 Pablo Díez-Valle , Gaurav Saxena , Jack S. Baker , Jun-Ho Lee , Thi Ha Kyaw

Boson Sampling represents a promising witness of the supremacy of quantum systems as a resource for the solution of computational problems. The classical hardness of Boson Sampling has been related to the so called Permanent-of-Gaussians…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-01 Ludovico Latmiral

Boson Sampling is the problem of sampling from the same distribution as indistinguishable single photons at the output of a linear optical interferometer. It is an example of a non-universal quantum computation which is believed to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-28 Alexandra E. Moylett , Raúl García-Patrón , Jelmer J. Renema , Peter S. Turner

Gaussian boson sampling (GBS), a computational problem conjectured to be hard to simulate on a classical machine, has been at the forefront of recent years' experimental and theoretical efforts to demonstrate quantum advantage. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-05 Gabriele Bressanini , Benoit Seron , Leonardo Novo , Nicolas J. Cerf , M. S. Kim

Quantum advantage, benchmarking the computational power of quantum machines outperforming all classical computers in a specific task, represents a crucial milestone in developing quantum computers and has been driving different physical…

We revisit the well-studied problem of estimating the Shannon entropy of a probability distribution, now given access to a probability-revealing conditional sampling oracle. In this model, the oracle takes as input the representation of a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Priyanka Golia , Brendan Juba , Kuldeep S. Meel

We study the classical complexity of the exact Boson Sampling problem where the objective is to produce provably correct random samples from a particular quantum mechanical distribution. The computational framework was proposed by Aaronson…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-10-19 Peter Clifford , Raphaël Clifford

Since the dawn of quantum computation science, a range of quantum algorithms have been proposed, yet few have experimentally demonstrated a definitive quantum advantage. Shor's algorithm, while renowned, has not been realized at a scale to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Chon-Fai Kam , En-Jui Kuo

Sampling experiments provide a viable route to show quantum advantages of quantum devices over classical computers in well-defined computational tasks. However, quantum devices such as boson samplers are susceptible to various errors,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-02 Deepesh Singh , Ryan J. Marshman , Nathan Walk , Jens Eisert , Timothy C. Ralph , Austin P. Lund

Boson Sampling is a computational task strongly believed to be hard for classical computers, but efficiently solvable by orchestrated bosonic interference in a specialised quantum computer. Current experimental schemes, however, are still…

The continuous variable quantum computing platform constitutes a promising candidate for realizing quantum advantage, as exemplified in Gaussian Boson Sampling. While noise in the experiments makes the computation attainable for classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-11 Jonas Vinther , Michael James Kastoryano

Simulating quantum systems using classical computing equipment has been a significant research focus. This work demonstrates that circuits as large and complex as the random circuit sampling (RCS) circuits published as a part of Google's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-20 Venkateswaran Kasirajan , Torey Battelle , Bob Wold

We study supervised learning algorithms in which a quantum device is used to perform a computational subroutine - either for prediction via probability estimation, or to compute a kernel via estimation of quantum states overlap. We design…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-07 Ulysse Chabaud , Damian Markham , Adel Sohbi

The theory of boosting provides a computational framework for aggregating approximate weak learning algorithms, which perform marginally better than a random predictor, into an accurate strong learner. In the realizable case, the success of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Udaya Ghai , Karan Singh

Gaussian boson sampling (GBS) is a promising protocol for demonstrating quantum computational advantage. One of the key steps for proving classical hardness of GBS is the so-called ``hiding conjecture'', which asserts that one can ``hide''…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Laura Shou , Sarah H. Miller , Victor Galitski