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Variational autoencoders (VAEs), one of the most widely used generative models, are known to suffer from posterior collapse, a phenomenon that reduces the diversity of generated samples. To avoid posterior collapse, many prior works have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Hyunsoo Song , Seungwhan Kim , Seungkyu Lee

Compressive sensing (CS) reconstructs images from sub-Nyquist measurements by solving a sparsity-regularized inverse problem. Traditional CS solvers use iterative optimizers with hand crafted sparsifiers, while early data-driven methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Pamuditha Somarathne , Tharindu Wickremasinghe , Amashi Niwarthana , A. Thieshanthan , Chamira U. S. Edussooriya , Dushan N. Wadduwage

The discovery of the theory of compressed sensing brought the realisation that many inverse problems can be solved even when measurements are "incomplete". This is particularly interesting in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), where long…

Training a fine-grained image recognition model with limited data presents a significant challenge, as the subtle differences between categories may not be easily discernible amidst distracting noise patterns. One commonly employed strategy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Avraham Chapman , Haiming Xu , Lingqiao Liu

Inverse problems are fundamental in fields like medical imaging, geophysics, and computerized tomography, aiming to recover unknown quantities from observed data. However, these problems often lack stability due to noise and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-26 Andrea Ebner , Matthias Schwab , Markus Haltmeier

In this note we present a generative model of natural images consisting of a deep hierarchy of layers of latent random variables, each of which follows a new type of distribution that we call rectified Gaussian. These rectified Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-03-01 Tim Salimans

A broad class of problems at the core of computational imaging, sensing, and low-level computer vision reduces to the inverse problem of extracting latent images that follow a prior distribution, from measurements taken under a known…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-20 Steven Diamond , Vincent Sitzmann , Felix Heide , Gordon Wetzstein

Compressed Sensing Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CS-MRI) significantly accelerates MR data acquisition at a sampling rate much lower than the Nyquist criterion. A major challenge for CS-MRI lies in solving the severely ill-posed inverse…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-30 Risheng Liu , Yuxi Zhang , Shichao Cheng , Zhongxuan Luo , Xin Fan

Variational regularization has remained one of the most successful approaches for reconstruction in imaging inverse problems for several decades. With the emergence and astonishing success of deep learning in recent years, a considerable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Subhadip Mukherjee , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Martin Burger

We introduce a regularization loss based on kernel mean embeddings with rotation-invariant kernels on the hypersphere (also known as dot-product kernels) for self-supervised learning of image representations. Besides being fully competitive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Léon Zheng , Gilles Puy , Elisa Riccietti , Patrick Pérez , Rémi Gribonval

Modern deep neural networks require a tremendous amount of data to train, often needing hundreds or thousands of labeled examples to learn an effective representation. For these networks to work with less data, more structure must be built…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-06 Reuben Feinman , Brenden M. Lake

We focus on a specific use case in anomaly detection where the distribution of normal samples is supported by a lower-dimensional manifold. Here, regularized autoencoders provide a popular approach by learning the identity mapping on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Alexander Bauer , Shinichi Nakajima , Klaus-Robert Müller

Variational autoencoders (VAEs), that are built upon deep neural networks have emerged as popular generative models in computer vision. Most of the work towards improving variational autoencoders has focused mainly on making the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-17 Siddharth Agrawal , Ambedkar Dukkipati

In recent years, the field of machine learning has made phenomenal progress in the pursuit of simulating real-world data generation processes. One notable example of such success is the variational autoencoder (VAE). In this work, with a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-30 Hwan Goh , Sheroze Sheriffdeen , Jonathan Wittmer , Tan Bui-Thanh

Does a Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) consistently encode typical samples generated from its decoder? This paper shows that the perhaps surprising answer to this question is `No'; a (nominally trained) VAE does not necessarily amortize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 A. Taylan Cemgil , Sumedh Ghaisas , Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Sven Gowal , Pushmeet Kohli

Deep convolutional networks have become a popular tool for image generation and restoration. Generally, their excellent performance is imputed to their ability to learn realistic image priors from a large number of example images. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Dmitry Ulyanov , Andrea Vedaldi , Victor Lempitsky

In just three years, Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) have emerged as one of the most popular approaches to unsupervised learning of complicated distributions. VAEs are appealing because they are built on top of standard function…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-05 Carl Doersch

Inverse problems aim to determine model parameters of a mathematical problem from given observational data. Neural networks can provide an efficient tool to solve these problems. In the context of Bayesian inverse problems, Uncertainty…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Andrea Tonini , Tan Bui-Thanh , Francesco Regazzoni , Luca Dede' , Alfio Quarteroni

Generative models, such as GANs, learn an explicit low-dimensional representation of a particular class of images, and so they may be used as natural image priors for solving inverse problems such as image restoration and compressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Mara Daniels , Paul Hand , Reinhard Heckel

Machine learning models are commonly trained end-to-end and in a supervised setting, using paired (input, output) data. Examples include recent super-resolution methods that train on pairs of (low-resolution, high-resolution) images.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Razvan V Marinescu , Daniel Moyer , Polina Golland