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Word embeddings represent words in a numeric space so that semantic relations between words are represented as distances and directions in the vector space. Cross-lingual word embeddings transform vector spaces of different languages so…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Marko Robnik-Sikonja , Kristjan Reba , Igor Mozetic

This paper contributes a new State Of The Art (SOTA) for Semantic Textual Similarity (STS). We compare and combine a number of recently proposed sentence embedding methods for STS, and propose a novel and simple ensemble knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Fredrik Carlsson Magnus Sahlgren

Topic modeling in applied psychology increasingly spans two methodological traditions: probabilistic bag-of-words models and newer embedding-based approaches. Yet many evaluations of these methods rely on longer and cleaner benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Yan Jiang , Sihong Liu , Philip A. Fisher

Text embedding models have significantly contributed to advancements in natural language processing by adeptly capturing semantic properties of textual data. However, the ability of these models to generalize across a wide range of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Yan Zhang , Zhaopeng Feng , Zhiyang Teng , Zuozhu Liu , Haizhou Li

Bilingual word embeddings have been widely used to capture the similarity of lexical semantics in different human languages. However, many applications, such as cross-lingual semantic search and question answering, can be largely benefited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Muhao Chen , Yingtao Tian , Haochen Chen , Kai-Wei Chang , Steven Skiena , Carlo Zaniolo

Most existing word embedding approaches do not distinguish the same words in different contexts, therefore ignoring their contextual meanings. As a result, the learned embeddings of these words are usually a mixture of multiple meanings. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-04 Jian Tang , Meng Qu , Qiaozhu Mei

Current approaches to learning semantic representations of sentences often use prior word-level knowledge. The current study aims to leverage visual information in order to capture sentence level semantics without the need for word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Danny Merkx , Stefan Frank

Deep learning based techniques have been recently used with promising results for data integration problems. Some methods directly use pre-trained embeddings that were trained on a large corpus such as Wikipedia. However, they may not…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Riccardo Cappuzzo , Paolo Papotti , Saravanan Thirumuruganathan

We present a systematic investigation of layer-wise BERT activations for general-purpose text representations to understand what linguistic information they capture and how transferable they are across different tasks. Sentence-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Xiaofei Ma , Zhiguo Wang , Patrick Ng , Ramesh Nallapati , Bing Xiang

The contrast between the need for large amounts of data for current Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, and the lack thereof, is accentuated in the case of African languages, most of which are considered low-resource. To help…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Machel Reid , Edison Marrese-Taylor , Yutaka Matsuo

Word embeddings are fixed-length, dense and distributed word representations that are used in natural language processing (NLP) applications. There are basically two types of word embedding models which are non-contextual (static) models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Karahan Sarıtaş , Cahid Arda Öz , Tunga Güngör

Models based on large-pretrained language models, such as S(entence)BERT, provide effective and efficient sentence embeddings that show high correlation to human similarity ratings, but lack interpretability. On the other hand, graph…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Juri Opitz , Anette Frank

Vector representations of sentences, trained on massive text corpora, are widely used as generic sentence embeddings across a variety of NLP problems. The learned representations are generally assumed to be continuous and real-valued,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Dinghan Shen , Pengyu Cheng , Dhanasekar Sundararaman , Xinyuan Zhang , Qian Yang , Meng Tang , Asli Celikyilmaz , Lawrence Carin

This paper introduces a novel deep learning framework including a lexicon-based approach for sentence-level prediction of sentiment label distribution. We propose to first apply semantic rules and then use a Deep Convolutional Neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-27 Huy Nguyen , Minh-Le Nguyen

Most existing word embedding methods can be categorized into Neural Embedding Models and Matrix Factorization (MF)-based methods. However some models are opaque to probabilistic interpretation, and MF-based methods, typically solved using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-08-18 Shaohua Li , Jun Zhu , Chunyan Miao

In natural language the intended meaning of a word or phrase is often implicit and depends on the context. In this work, we propose a simple yet effective method for sentiment analysis using contextual embeddings and a self-attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Katarzyna Biesialska , Magdalena Biesialska , Henryk Rybinski

The paper presents an overview of the Spoken Language Translator (SLT) system's hybrid language-processing architecture, focussing on the way in which rule-based and statistical methods are combined to achieve robust and efficient…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2008-02-03 Manny Rayner , David Carter

Word embedding is central to neural machine translation (NMT), which has attracted intensive research interest in recent years. In NMT, the source embedding plays the role of the entrance while the target embedding acts as the terminal.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Xuebo Liu , Derek F. Wong , Yang Liu , Lidia S. Chao , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

We present models for encoding sentences into embedding vectors that specifically target transfer learning to other NLP tasks. The models are efficient and result in accurate performance on diverse transfer tasks. Two variants of the…

Word embeddings and pre-trained language models allow to build rich representations of text and have enabled improvements across most NLP tasks. Unfortunately they are very expensive to train, and many small companies and research groups…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Rodrigo Agerri , Iñaki San Vicente , Jon Ander Campos , Ander Barrena , Xabier Saralegi , Aitor Soroa , Eneko Agirre