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Medical image segmentation is a vital healthcare endeavor requiring precise and efficient models for appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Vision transformer (ViT)-based segmentation models have shown great performance in accomplishing this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Numan Saeed , Muhammad Ridzuan , Roba Al Majzoub , Mohammad Yaqub

Recent prompt-based approaches allow pretrained language models to achieve strong performances on few-shot finetuning by reformulating downstream tasks as a language modeling problem. In this work, we demonstrate that, despite its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Prasetya Ajie Utama , Nafise Sadat Moosavi , Victor Sanh , Iryna Gurevych

Automated Program Repair (APR) aims to enhance software reliability by automatically generating bug-fixing patches. Recent work has improved the state-of-the-art of APR by fine-tuning pre-trained large language models (LLMs), such as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Xuemeng Cai , Lingxiao Jiang

Large Transformer models achieved the state-of-the-art status for Natural Language Understanding tasks and are increasingly becoming the baseline model architecture for modeling source code. Transformers are usually pre-trained on large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Andrei Zlotchevski , Dawn Drain , Alexey Svyatkovskiy , Colin Clement , Neel Sundaresan , Michele Tufano

Fine-tuning a pre-trained language model via the contrastive learning framework with a large amount of unlabeled sentences or labeled sentence pairs is a common way to obtain high-quality sentence representations. Although the contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Tianduo Wang , Wei Lu

Soft Prompt Tuning (SPT) is a parameter-efficient method for adapting pre-trained language models (PLMs) to specific tasks by inserting learnable embeddings, or soft prompts, at the input layer of the PLM, without modifying its parameters.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Fred Philippy , Siwen Guo , Shohreh Haddadan , Cedric Lothritz , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

Tokenizer adaptation plays an important role in adapting pre-trained language models to new domains or languages. In this work, we address two complementary aspects of this process: vocabulary extension and pruning. The common approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Taido Purason , Pavel Chizhov , Ivan P. Yamshchikov , Mark Fishel

Preference tuning is a crucial process for aligning deep generative models with human preferences. This survey offers a thorough overview of recent advancements in preference tuning and the integration of human feedback. The paper is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Genta Indra Winata , Hanyang Zhao , Anirban Das , Wenpin Tang , David D. Yao , Shi-Xiong Zhang , Sambit Sahu

This paper surveys and organizes research works in a new paradigm in natural language processing, which we dub "prompt-based learning". Unlike traditional supervised learning, which trains a model to take in an input x and predict an output…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Pengfei Liu , Weizhe Yuan , Jinlan Fu , Zhengbao Jiang , Hiroaki Hayashi , Graham Neubig

Prompt tuning is one of the successful approaches for parameter-efficient tuning of pre-trained language models. Despite being arguably the most parameter-efficient (tuned soft prompts constitute <0.1% of total parameters), it typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Anastasia Razdaibiedina , Yuning Mao , Rui Hou , Madian Khabsa , Mike Lewis , Jimmy Ba , Amjad Almahairi

We investigate the use of in-context learning and prompt engineering to estimate the contributions of training data in the outputs of instruction-tuned large language models (LLMs). We propose two novel approaches: (1) a similarity-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Milad Fotouhi , Mohammad Taha Bahadori , Oluwaseyi Feyisetan , Payman Arabshahi , David Heckerman

The intrinsic difficulty in adapting deep learning models to non-stationary environments limits the applicability of neural networks to real-world tasks. This issue is critical in practical supervised learning settings, such as the ones in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Simone Marullo , Matteo Tiezzi , Marco Gori , Stefano Melacci , Tinne Tuytelaars

Prompt tuning, or the conditioning of a frozen pretrained language model (PLM) with soft prompts learned from data, has demonstrated impressive performance on a wide range of NLP tasks. However, prompt tuning requires a large training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Xu Guo , Boyang Li , Han Yu

Large-scale diffusion models like Stable Diffusion are powerful and find various real-world applications while customizing such models by fine-tuning is both memory and time inefficient. Motivated by the recent progress in natural language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Chendong Xiang , Fan Bao , Chongxuan Li , Hang Su , Jun Zhu

In this paper, we move towards combining large parametric models with non-parametric prototypical networks. We propose prototypical fine-tuning, a novel prototypical framework for fine-tuning pretrained language models (LM), which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Yiqiao Jin , Xiting Wang , Yaru Hao , Yizhou Sun , Xing Xie

Multilingual pretrained language models (MPLMs) have demonstrated substantial performance improvements in zero-shot cross-lingual transfer across various natural language understanding tasks by finetuning MPLMs on task-specific labelled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Bolei Ma , Ercong Nie , Helmut Schmid , Hinrich Schütze

Entity Matching (EM) involves identifying different data representations referring to the same entity from multiple data sources and is typically formulated as a binary classification problem. It is a challenging problem in data integration…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 John Bosco Mugeni , Steven Lynden , Toshiyuki Amagasa , Akiyoshi Matono

Prompt Tuning has been a popular Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning method attributed to its remarkable performance with few updated parameters on various large-scale pretrained Language Models (PLMs). Traditionally, each prompt has been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Yu-Chen Lin , Wei-Hua Li , Jun-Cheng Chen , Chu-Song Chen

Parameter-Efficient Tuning (PETuning) methods have been deemed by many as the new paradigm for using pretrained language models (PLMs). By tuning just a fraction amount of parameters comparing to full model finetuning, PETuning methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Guanzheng Chen , Fangyu Liu , Zaiqiao Meng , Shangsong Liang

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) methods harness previous experiences to derive an optimal policy, forming the foundation for pre-trained large-scale models (PLMs). When encountering tasks not seen before, PLMs often utilize several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Shengchao Hu , Wanru Zhao , Weixiong Lin , Li Shen , Ya Zhang , Dacheng Tao