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Traffic signs play a critical role in road safety and traffic management for autonomous driving systems. Accurate traffic sign classification is essential but challenging due to real-world complexities like adversarial examples and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Andreea Postovan , Mădălina Eraşcu

The scope of research in the domain of activation functions remains limited and centered around improving the ease of optimization or generalization quality of neural networks (NNs). However, to develop a deeper understanding of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Mohit Goyal , Rajan Goyal , Brejesh Lall

Transformers have become foundational architectures for both natural language and computer vision tasks. However, the high computational cost makes it quite challenging to deploy on resource-constraint devices. This paper investigates the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Jialong Guo , Xinghao Chen , Yehui Tang , Yunhe Wang

Compact neural networks are essential for affordable and power efficient deep learning solutions. Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) take compactification to the extreme by constraining both weights and activations to two levels, $\{+1, -1\}$.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Vishnu Raj , Nancy Nayak , Sheetal Kalyani

For binary neural networks (BNNs) to become the mainstream on-device computer vision algorithm, they must achieve a superior speed-vs-accuracy tradeoff than 8-bit quantization and establish a similar degree of general applicability in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-09 Guhong Nie , Lirui Xiao , Menglong Zhu , Dongliang Chu , Yue Shen , Peng Li , Kang Yang , Li Du , Bo Chen

Previous studies dominantly target at self-supervised learning on real-valued networks and have achieved many promising results. However, on the more challenging binary neural networks (BNNs), this task has not yet been fully explored in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Zhiqiang Shen , Zechun Liu , Jie Qin , Lei Huang , Kwang-Ting Cheng , Marios Savvides

In neural network binarization, BinaryConnect (BC) and its variants are considered the standard. These methods apply the sign function in their forward pass and their respective gradients are backpropagated to update the weights. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Yiwei Lu , Yaoliang Yu , Xinlin Li , Vahid Partovi Nia

The use of neural networks as function approximators has enabled many advances in reinforcement learning (RL). The generalization power of neural networks combined with advances in RL algorithms has reignited the field of artificial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Christopher Lazarus , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

While binary neural networks (BNNs) offer significant benefits in terms of speed, memory and energy, they encounter substantial accuracy degradation in challenging tasks compared to their real-valued counterparts. Due to the binarization of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Xulong Shi , Caiyi Sun , Zhi Qi , Liu Hao , Xiaodong Yang

Learning compact binary codes for image retrieval problem using deep neural networks has recently attracted increasing attention. However, training deep hashing networks is challenging due to the binary constraints on the hash codes. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-02 Thanh-Toan Do , Tuan Hoang , Dang-Khoa Le Tan , Anh-Dzung Doan , Ngai-Man Cheung

In this work, we study the binary neural networks (BNNs) of which both the weights and activations are binary (i.e., 1-bit representation). Feature representation is critical for deep neural networks, while in BNNs, the features only differ…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Ping Xue , Yang Lu , Jingfei Chang , Xing Wei , Zhen Wei

Binary neural networks (BNNs) show promising utilization in cost and power-restricted domains such as edge devices and mobile systems. This is due to its significantly less computation and storage demand, but at the cost of degraded…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Yanfei Li , Tong Geng , Samuel Stein , Ang Li , Huimin Yu

Efficient inference of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) is essential to making AI ubiquitous. Two important algorithmic techniques have shown promise for enabling efficient inference - sparsity and binarization. These techniques translate into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Sachit Kuhar , Alexey Tumanov , Judy Hoffman

Traffic signs support road safety and managing the flow of traffic, hence are an integral part of any vision system for autonomous driving. While the use of deep learning is well-known in traffic signs classification due to the high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Andreea Postovan , Mădălina Eraşcu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful and flexible framework for representation learning on irregular data. As they generalize the operations of classical CNNs on grids to arbitrary topologies, GNNs also bring much of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Mehdi Bahri , Gaétan Bahl , Stefanos Zafeiriou

Recently, the deep neural network (derived from the artificial neural network) has attracted many researchers' attention by its outstanding performance. However, since this network requires high-performance GPUs and large storage, it is…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-02-25 Song Wang , Dongchun Ren , Li Chen , Wei Fan , Jun Sun , Satoshi Naoi

Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) significantly reduce computational complexity and memory usage in machine and deep learning by representing weights and activations with just one bit. However, most existing training algorithms for BNNs rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Luca Colombo , Fabrizio Pittorino , Manuel Roveri

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) enforces supervised information only at the output layer, and hidden layers are trained by back propagating the prediction error from the output layer without explicit supervision. We propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-06-07 Zhuolin Jiang , Yaming Wang , Larry Davis , Walt Andrews , Viktor Rozgic

Federated Learning (FL) preserves privacy by distributing training across devices. However, using DNNs is computationally intensive at the low-powered edge during inference. Edge deployment demands models that simultaneously optimize memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Nitin Priyadarshini Shankar , Soham Lahiri , Sheetal Kalyani , Saurav Prakash

We study the use of binary activated neural networks as interpretable and explainable predictors in the context of regression tasks on tabular data; more specifically, we provide guarantees on their expressiveness, present an approach based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Benjamin Leblanc , Pascal Germain