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Masked language modeling is widely used for pretraining large language models for natural language understanding (NLU). However, random masking is suboptimal, allocating an equal masking rate for all tokens. In this paper, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Nafis Sadeq , Canwen Xu , Julian McAuley

Latent representation learned from multi-layered neural networks via hierarchical feature abstraction enables recent success of deep learning. Under the deep learning framework, generalization performance highly depends on the learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-07 Hyo-Eun Kim , Sangheum Hwang , Kyunghyun Cho

Masked language models have revolutionized natural language processing systems in the past few years. A recently introduced generalization of masked language models called warped language models are trained to be more robust to the types of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Mahdi Namazifar , John Malik , Li Erran Li , Gokhan Tur , Dilek Hakkani Tür

This research optimizes two-pass cross-lingual transfer learning in low-resource languages by enhancing phoneme recognition and phoneme-to-grapheme translation models. Our approach optimizes these two stages to improve speech recognition…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Wonjun Lee , Gary Geunbae Lee , Yunsu Kim

We propose and analyze the use of an explicit time-context window for neural network-based spectral masking speech enhancement to leverage signal context dependencies between neighboring frames. In particular, we concentrate on soft masking…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-29 Luan Vinícius Fiorio , Boris Karanov , Bruno Defraene , Johan David , Wim van Houtum , Frans Widdershoven , Ronald M. Aarts

Neural models have become ubiquitous in automatic speech recognition systems. While neural networks are typically used as acoustic models in more complex systems, recent studies have explored end-to-end speech recognition systems based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-15 Yonatan Belinkov , James Glass

Segmentation remains an important preprocessing step both in languages where "words" or other important syntactic/semantic units (like morphemes) are not clearly delineated by white space, as well as when dealing with continuous speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 C. M. Downey , Fei Xia , Gina-Anne Levow , Shane Steinert-Threlkeld

Speech representation learning approaches for non-semantic tasks such as language recognition have either explored supervised embedding extraction methods using a classifier model or self-supervised representation learning approaches using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Shikhar Vashishth , Shikhar Bharadwaj , Sriram Ganapathy , Ankur Bapna , Min Ma , Wei Han , Vera Axelrod , Partha Talukdar

Contemporary speech enhancement predominantly relies on audio transforms that are trained to reconstruct a clean speech waveform. The development of high-performing neural network sound recognition systems has raised the possibility of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Mark R. Saddler , Andrew Francl , Jenelle Feather , Kaizhi Qian , Yang Zhang , Josh H. McDermott

Speech restoration aims at restoring full-band speech with high quality and intelligibility, considering a diverse set of distortions. MaskSR is a recently proposed generative model for this task. As other models of its kind, MaskSR attains…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Xiaoyu Liu , Xu Li , Joan Serrà , Santiago Pascual

Masked language modeling (MLM) is one of the key sub-tasks in vision-language pretraining. In the cross-modal setting, tokens in the sentence are masked at random, and the model predicts the masked tokens given the image and the text. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Yonatan Bitton , Gabriel Stanovsky , Michael Elhadad , Roy Schwartz

Most end-to-end speech recognition systems model text directly as a sequence of characters or sub-words. Current approaches to sub-word extraction only consider character sequence frequencies, which at times produce inferior sub-word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Hainan Xu , Shuoyang Ding , Shinji Watanabe

Recent advancements in text-to-speech and speech conversion technologies have enabled the creation of highly convincing synthetic speech. While these innovations offer numerous practical benefits, they also cause significant security…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Kuiyuan Zhang , Zhongyun Hua , Rushi Lan , Yushu Zhang , Yifang Guo

Self-supervised learning enables the training of large neural models without the need for large, labeled datasets. It has been generating breakthroughs in several fields, including computer vision, natural language processing, biology, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Luis Lugo , Valentin Vielzeuf

Audio-driven facial reenactment is a crucial technique that has a range of applications in film-making, virtual avatars and video conferences. Existing works either employ explicit intermediate face representations (e.g., 2D facial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Ricong Huang , Peiwen Lai , Yipeng Qin , Guanbin Li

Masked Language Model (MLM) framework has been widely adopted for self-supervised language pre-training. In this paper, we argue that randomly sampled masks in MLM would lead to undesirably large gradient variance. Thus, we theoretically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Mingzhi Zheng , Dinghan Shen , Yelong Shen , Weizhu Chen , Lin Xiao

In automatic speech recognition, often little training data is available for specific challenging tasks, but training of state-of-the-art automatic speech recognition systems requires large amounts of annotated speech. To address this…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-20 Michael Gref , Christoph Schmidt , Sven Behnke , Joachim Köhler

We introduce an unsupervised approach for correcting highly imperfect speech transcriptions based on a decision-level fusion of stemming and two-way phoneme pruning. Transcripts are acquired from videos by extracting audio using Ffmpeg…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Sunakshi Mehra , Seba Susan

Domain-specific contextualized language models have demonstrated substantial effectiveness gains for domain-specific downstream tasks, like similarity matching, entity recognition or information retrieval. However successfully applying such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Sophia Althammer , Mark Buckley , Sebastian Hofstätter , Allan Hanbury

Existing deep learning-based speech denoising approaches require clean speech signals to be available for training. This paper presents a deep learning-based approach to improve speech denoising in real-world audio environments by not…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-25 Nasim Alamdari , Arian Azarang , Nasser Kehtarnavaz
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