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Related papers: Parameter-Efficient Legal Domain Adaptation

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Machine translation models struggle when translating out-of-domain text, which makes domain adaptation a topic of critical importance. However, most domain adaptation methods focus on fine-tuning or training the entire or part of the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Pedro Henrique Martins , Zita Marinho , André F. T. Martins

A contract is a type of legal document commonly used in organizations. Contract review is an integral and repetitive process to avoid business risk and liability. Contract analysis requires the identification and classification of key…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Amit Tewari

Smaller LLMs still face significant challenges even in medium-resourced languages, particularly when it comes to language-specific knowledge -- a problem not easily resolved with machine-translated data. In this case study on Icelandic, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Jenny Kunz

Conventional fine-tuning encounters increasing difficulties given the size of current Pre-trained Language Models, which makes parameter-efficient tuning become the focal point of frontier research. Previous methods in this field add…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Wang Qi , Yu-Ping Ruan , Yuan Zuo , Taihao Li

Increasing model size when pretraining natural language representations often results in improved performance on downstream tasks. However, at some point further model increases become harder due to GPU/TPU memory limitations and longer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Zhenzhong Lan , Mingda Chen , Sebastian Goodman , Kevin Gimpel , Piyush Sharma , Radu Soricut

Recent developments in Natural Language Processing have led to the introduction of state-of-the-art Neural Language Models, enabled with unsupervised transferable learning, using different pretraining objectives. While these models achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Muhammad Zohaib Khan

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems have found their use in numerous industrial applications in very diverse domains. Since domain-specific systems perform better than their generic counterparts on in-domain evaluation, the need for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Saket Dingliwal , Ashish Shenoy , Sravan Bodapati , Ankur Gandhe , Ravi Teja Gadde , Katrin Kirchhoff

Continued pre-training of small language models offers a promising path for domain adaptation with limited computational resources. I've investigated this approach within educational domains, evaluating it as a resource-efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Salman Faroz

Natural language processing (NLP) has recently gained relevance within financial institutions by providing highly valuable insights into companies and markets' financial documents. However, the landscape of the financial domain presents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Pau Rodriguez Inserte , Mariam Nakhlé , Raheel Qader , Gaetan Caillaut , Jingshu Liu

In the era of billion-parameter-sized Language Models (LMs), start-ups have to follow trends and adapt their technology accordingly. Nonetheless, there are open challenges since the development and deployment of large models comes with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Stelios Maroudas , Sotiris Legkas , Prodromos Malakasiotis , Ilias Chalkidis

Domain-adaptive pretraining (DAPT) offers a practical path to specializing large language models for high-value domains without full retraining. We conduct an early-stage scaling-law analysis of continued pretraining on U.S. SEC filings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Jesse Ponnock

The introduction of pre-trained language models has revolutionized natural language research communities. However, researchers still know relatively little regarding their theoretical and empirical properties. In this regard, Peters et al.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Ran Wang , Haibo Su , Chunye Wang , Kailin Ji , Jupeng Ding

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the development of Legal Artificial Intelligence (Legal AI) in recent years, enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of legal tasks. To advance research and applications of LLM-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Zhitian Hou , Zihan Ye , Nanli Zeng , Tianyong Hao , Kun Zeng

While self-supervised learning has made rapid advances in natural language processing, it remains unclear when researchers should engage in resource-intensive domain-specific pretraining (domain pretraining). The law, puzzlingly, has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Lucia Zheng , Neel Guha , Brandon R. Anderson , Peter Henderson , Daniel E. Ho

In this study, we aim to explore efficient tuning methods for speech self-supervised learning. Recent studies show that self-supervised learning (SSL) can learn powerful representations for different speech tasks. However, fine-tuning…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-31 Zih-Ching Chen , Chin-Lun Fu , Chih-Ying Liu , Shang-Wen Li , Hung-yi Lee

Consistency is a key requirement of high-quality translation. It is especially important to adhere to pre-approved terminology and adapt to corrected translations in domain-specific projects. Machine translation (MT) has achieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Yasmin Moslem

Domain adaptation is a sub-field of machine learning that involves transferring knowledge from a source domain to perform the same task in the target domain. It is a typical challenge in machine learning that arises, e.g., when data is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Philipp Spitzer , Dominik Martin , Laurin Eichberger , Niklas Kühl

As large language models (LLMs) are widely adopted, new safety issues and policies emerge, to which existing safety classifiers do not generalize well. If we have only observed a few examples of violations of a new safety rule, how can we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Ananth Balashankar , Xiao Ma , Aradhana Sinha , Ahmad Beirami , Yao Qin , Jilin Chen , Alex Beutel

Deep learning approaches are highly specialized and require training separate models for different tasks. Multi-domain learning looks at ways to learn a multitude of different tasks, each coming from a different domain, at once. The most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Ali Senhaji , Jenni Raitoharju , Moncef Gabbouj , Alexandros Iosifidis

Domain adaptive pretraining, i.e. the continued unsupervised pretraining of a language model on domain-specific text, improves the modelling of text for downstream tasks within the domain. Numerous real-world applications are based on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Rasmus Kær Jørgensen , Mareike Hartmann , Xiang Dai , Desmond Elliott