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Related papers: Optimal Decision Rules for the Discursive Dilemma

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We propose a simple model to explore an educational phenomenon where the correct answer emerges from group discussion. We construct our model based on several plausible assumptions: (i) We tend to follow peers' opinions. However, if a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-05-27 Jibeom Seo , Beom Jun Kim

In this work, we consider classification of agents who can both game and improve. For example, people wishing to get a loan may be able to take some actions that increase their perceived credit-worthiness and others that also increase their…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Saba Ahmadi , Hedyeh Beyhaghi , Avrim Blum , Keziah Naggita

The disjunction effect in human decision making is often taken to show that the classical law of total probability is violated, motivating quantum-like models. We re-examine this claim for the Prisoner's Dilemma disjunction effect. Under…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-25 Ryo Nasu , Yoshihiro Maruyama

The group testing problem consists of determining a sparse subset of defective items from within a larger set of items via a series of tests, where each test outcome indicates whether at least one defective item is included in the test. We…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Daniel McMorrow , Jonathan Scarlett

A falling rule list is a probabilistic decision list for binary classification, consisting of a series of if-then rules with antecedents in the if clauses and probabilities of the desired outcome ("1") in the then clauses. Just as in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-21 Chaofan Chen , Cynthia Rudin

This paper presents an approach for developing the explanation capabilities of rule-based expert systems managing imprecise and uncertain knowledge. The treatment of uncertainty takes place in the framework of possibility theory where the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-08 Henri Farrency , Henri Prade

Candidates arrive sequentially for an interview process which results in them being ranked relative to their predecessors. Based on the ranks available at each time, one must develop a decision mechanism that selects or dismisses the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-08 George V. Moustakides , Xujun Liu , Olgica Milenkovic

We study decision rule approximations for generic multi-stage robust linear optimization problems. We consider linear decision rules for the case when the objective coefficients, the recourse matrices, and the right-hand sides are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-04 Guanglin Xu , Grani A. Hanasusanto

In a compound decision problem, consisting of $n$ statistically independent copies of the same problem to be solved under the sum of the individual losses, any reasonable compound decision rule $\delta$ satisfies a natural symmetry…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-12-02 Asaf Weinstein

In this letter, the optimality of the likelihood ratio test (LRT) is investigated for binary hypothesis testing problems in the presence of a behavioral decision-maker. By utilizing prospect theory, a behavioral decision-maker is modeled to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-12-05 Sinan Gezici , Pramod K. Varshney

An agent, or a coalition of agents, faces an ethical dilemma between several statements if she is forced to make a conscious choice between which of these statements will be true. This paper proposes to capture ethical dilemmas as a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Pavel Naumov , Rui-Jie Yew

We consider an original problem that arises from the issue of security analysis of a power system and that we name optimal discovery with probabilistic expert advice. We address it with an algorithm based on the optimistic paradigm and the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-10-26 Sébastien Bubeck , Damien Ernst , Aurélien Garivier

This paper studies a risk-sensitive decision-making problem under uncertainty. It considers a decision-making process that unfolds over a fixed number of stages, in which a decision-maker chooses among multiple alternatives, some of which…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-07 Chung-Han Hsieh , Yi-Shan Wong

We investigate the potential of deliberation to create consensus among fully-informed citizens. Our approach relies on two cognitive assumptions: i. citizens need a thinking frame (or perspective) to consider an issue; and ii. citizens…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-11-11 Ariane Lambert-Mogiliansky , Irénée Frérot

We characterize the optimal reward functions (scoring rules) that incentivize an agent to acquire information and report it truthfully to the principal. The optimal scoring rules let the agent make a simple binary bet in single-dimensional…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Jason D. Hartline , Yingkai Li , Liren Shan , Yifan Wu

We study a model of consensus decision making, in which a finite group of Bayesian agents has to choose between one of two courses of action. Each member of the group has a private and independent signal at his or her disposal, giving some…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-24 Elchanan Mossel , Omer Tamuz

An approach is presented treating decision theory as a probabilistic theory based on quantum techniques. Accurate definitions are given and thorough analysis is accomplished for the quantum probabilities describing the choice between…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-06 V. I. Yukalov

Determinism is (roughly) the thesis that the past determines the future. But efforts to define it precisely have exposed deep methodological disagreements. Standard possible-worlds formulations of determinism presuppose an "agreement"…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Hans Halvorson , JB Manchak , James Owen Weatherall

Given the stated preferences of several people over a number of proposals regarding public policy initiatives, some of those proposals might be judged to be more ``divisive'' than others. When designing online participatory platforms to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Ulle Endriss

In public discussions of the quality of forecasts, attention typically focuses on the predictive performance in cases of extreme events. However, the restriction of conventional forecast evaluation methods to subsets of extreme observations…