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This paper addresses the challenge of out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization in graph machine learning, a field rapidly advancing yet grappling with the discrepancy between source and target data distributions. Traditional graph learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Xin Sun , Liang Wang , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Zilei Wang , Liang Wang

Unsupervised graph-level anomaly detection (UGAD) has received remarkable performance in various critical disciplines, such as chemistry analysis and bioinformatics. Existing UGAD paradigms often adopt data augmentation techniques to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Jindong Li , Qianli Xing , Qi Wang , Yi Chang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved impressive performance when testing and training graph data come from identical distribution. However, existing GNNs lack out-of-distribution generalization abilities so that their performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Haoyang Li , Xin Wang , Ziwei Zhang , Wenwu Zhu

With the growing complexity of cyberattacks targeting critical infrastructures such as water treatment networks, there is a pressing need for robust anomaly detection strategies that account for both system vulnerabilities and evolving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Arun Vignesh Malarkkan , Haoyue Bai , Dongjie Wang , Yanjie Fu

Anomaly detection is defined as discovering patterns that do not conform to the expected behavior. Previously, anomaly detection was mostly conducted using traditional shallow learning techniques, but with little improvement. As the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Zhiyuan Liu , Chunjie Cao , Jingzhang Sun

Graph-based Anomaly Detection (GAD) is becoming prevalent due to the powerful representation abilities of graphs as well as recent advances in graph mining techniques. These GAD tools, however, expose a new attacking surface, ironically due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Yulin Zhu , Yuni Lai , Kaifa Zhao , Xiapu Luo , Mingquan Yuan , Jian Ren , Kai Zhou

Diagnosing and cleaning data is a crucial step for building robust machine learning systems. However, identifying problems within large-scale datasets with real-world distributions is challenging due to the presence of complex issues such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Jang-Hyun Kim , Sangdoo Yun , Hyun Oh Song

Graph Out-of-Distribution (OOD), requiring that models trained on biased data generalize to the unseen test data, has considerable real-world applications. One of the most mainstream methods is to extract the invariant subgraph by aligning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Xuexin Chen , Ruichu Cai , Kaitao Zheng , Zhifan Jiang , Zhengting Huang , Zhifeng Hao , Zijian Li

The success of graph neural networks stimulates the prosperity of graph mining and the corresponding downstream tasks including graph anomaly detection (GAD). However, it has been explored that those graph mining methods are vulnerable to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Yulin Zhu , Yuni Lai , Kaifa Zhao , Xiapu Luo , Mingquan Yuan , Jun Wu , Jian Ren , Kai Zhou

Graph anomaly detection (GAD) is crucial in applications like fraud detection and cybersecurity. Despite recent advancements using graph neural networks (GNNs), two major challenges persist. At the model level, most methods adopt a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Chunyu Wei , Siyuan He , Yu Wang , Yueguo Chen , Yunhai Wang , Bing Bai , Yidong Zhang , Yong Xie , Shunming Zhang , Fei Wang

Graph Out-of-Distribution (OOD), requiring that models trained on biased data generalize to the unseen test data, has a massive of real-world applications. One of the most mainstream methods is to extract the invariant subgraph by aligning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Xuexin Chen , Ruichu Cai , Kaitao Zheng , Zhifan Jiang , Zhengting Huang , Zhifeng Hao , Zijian Li

Graph anomaly detection (GAD) has attracted increasing attention in recent years for identifying malicious samples in a wide range of graph-based applications, such as social media and e-commerce. However, most GAD methods assume identical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Junjun Pan , Yu Zheng , Yue Tan , Yixin Liu

Graph anomaly detection (GAD), which aims to identify nodes in a graph that significantly deviate from normal patterns, plays a crucial role in broad application domains. However, existing GAD methods are one-model-for-one-dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Chaoxi Niu , Hezhe Qiao , Changlu Chen , Ling Chen , Guansong Pang

Graph-based anomaly detection finds numerous applications in the real-world. Thus, there exists extensive literature on the topic that has recently shifted toward deep detection models due to advances in deep learning and graph neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Lingxiao Zhao , Saurabh Sawlani , Arvind Srinivasan , Leman Akoglu

Graph is an important data representation ubiquitously existing in the real world. However, analyzing the graph data is computationally difficult due to its non-Euclidean nature. Graph embedding is a powerful tool to solve the graph…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Zhikun Zhang , Min Chen , Michael Backes , Yun Shen , Yang Zhang

Anomaly detection (such as telecom fraud detection and medical image detection) has attracted the increasing attention of people. The complex interaction between multiple entities widely exists in the network, which can reflect specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Xu Yuan , Na Zhou , Shuo Yu , Huafei Huang , Zhikui Chen , Feng Xia

Recent research on the robustness of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) under noises or attacks has attracted great attention due to its importance in real-world applications. Most previous methods explore a single noise source, recovering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Tianmeng Yang , Jiahao Meng , Min Zhou , Yaming Yang , Yujing Wang , Xiangtai Li , Yunhai Tong

Graph anomaly detection in this paper aims to distinguish abnormal nodes that behave differently from the benign ones accounting for the majority of graph-structured instances. Receiving increasing attention from both academia and industry,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Fanzhen Liu , Xiaoxiao Ma , Jia Wu , Jian Yang , Shan Xue , Amin Beheshti , Chuan Zhou , Hao Peng , Quan Z. Sheng , Charu C. Aggarwal

Graph anomaly detection (GAD) aims to identify abnormal nodes that differ from the majority of the nodes in a graph, which has been attracting significant attention in recent years. Existing generalist graph models have achieved remarkable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Hezhe Qiao , Chaoxi Niu , Ling Chen , Guansong Pang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown remarkable performance in various tasks. However, recent works reveal that GNNs are vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Generally, backdoor attack poisons the graph by attaching backdoor triggers and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Zhiwei Zhang , Minhua Lin , Enyan Dai , Suhang Wang