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Contrastive learning has gained significant attention as a method for self-supervised learning. The contrastive loss function ensures that embeddings of positive sample pairs (e.g., different samples from the same class or different views…

In-Batch contrastive learning is a state-of-the-art self-supervised method that brings semantically-similar instances close while pushing dissimilar instances apart within a mini-batch. Its key to success is the negative sharing strategy,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Zhen Yang , Tinglin Huang , Ming Ding , Yuxiao Dong , Rex Ying , Yukuo Cen , Yangliao Geng , Jie Tang

Contrastive learning has become a key component of self-supervised learning approaches for computer vision. By learning to embed two augmented versions of the same image close to each other and to push the embeddings of different images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Yannis Kalantidis , Mert Bulent Sariyildiz , Noe Pion , Philippe Weinzaepfel , Diane Larlus

Contrastive learning has been widely studied in sentence representation learning. However, earlier works mainly focus on the construction of positive examples, while in-batch samples are often simply treated as negative examples. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Jinghao Deng , Fanqi Wan , Tao Yang , Xiaojun Quan , Rui Wang

Contrastive learning operates on a simple yet effective principle: Embeddings of positive pairs are pulled together, while those of negative pairs are pushed apart. In this paper, we propose a unified framework for understanding contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Chungpa Lee , Sehee Lim , Kibok Lee , Jy-yong Sohn

How can you sample good negative examples for contrastive learning? We argue that, as with metric learning, contrastive learning of representations benefits from hard negative samples (i.e., points that are difficult to distinguish from an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Joshua Robinson , Ching-Yao Chuang , Suvrit Sra , Stefanie Jegelka

Cross-lingual summarization (CLS) is a sophisticated branch in Natural Language Processing that demands models to accurately translate and summarize articles from different source languages. Despite the improvement of the subsequent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Sanzana Karim Lora , M. Sohel Rahman , Rifat Shahriyar

In this paper, we study contrastive learning from an optimization perspective, aiming to analyze and address a fundamental issue of existing contrastive learning methods that either rely on a large batch size or a large dictionary of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Zhuoning Yuan , Yuexin Wu , Zi-Hao Qiu , Xianzhi Du , Lijun Zhang , Denny Zhou , Tianbao Yang

Graph contrastive learning has emerged as a powerful tool for unsupervised graph representation learning. The key to the success of graph contrastive learning is to acquire high-quality positive and negative samples as contrasting pairs for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Haoran Yang , Hongxu Chen , Sixiao Zhang , Xiangguo Sun , Qian Li , Xiangyu Zhao , Guandong Xu

Contrastive learning produces coherent semantic feature embeddings by encouraging positive samples to cluster closely while separating negative samples. However, existing contrastive learning methods lack principled guarantees on coverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Yahya Alkhatib , Wee Peng Tay

We address the problem of generalized category discovery (GCD) that aims to partition a partially labeled collection of images; only a small part of the collection is labeled and the total number of target classes is unknown. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Sua Choi , Dahyun Kang , Minsu Cho

Contrastive learning has been applied successfully to learn vector representations of text. Previous research demonstrated that learning high-quality representations benefits from batch-wise contrastive loss with a large number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Luyu Gao , Yunyi Zhang , Jiawei Han , Jamie Callan

Contrastive learning (CL) is a prevalent technique for training embedding models, which pulls semantically similar examples (positives) closer in the representation space while pushing dissimilar ones (negatives) further apart. A key source…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Raghuveer Thirukovalluru , Rui Meng , Ye Liu , Karthikeyan K , Mingyi Su , Ping Nie , Semih Yavuz , Yingbo Zhou , Wenhu Chen , Bhuwan Dhingra

Contrastive learning predicts whether two images belong to the same category by training a model to make their feature representations as close or as far away as possible. In this paper, we rethink how to mine samples in contrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Hengkui Dong , Xianzhong Long , Yun Li

The impressive performance of GPT-3 using natural language prompts and in-context learning has inspired work on better fine-tuning of moderately-sized models under this paradigm. Following this line of work, we present a contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Yiren Jian , Chongyang Gao , Soroush Vosoughi

Contrastive learning is a powerful technique to learn representations that are semantically distinctive and geometrically invariant. While most of the earlier approaches have demonstrated its effectiveness on single-modality learning tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Anurag Jain , Yashaswi Verma

Contrastive learning has been successfully used for retrieval of semantically aligned sentences, but it often requires large batch sizes or careful engineering to work well. In this paper, we instead propose a generative model for learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 John Wieting , Jonathan H. Clark , William W. Cohen , Graham Neubig , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick

Contrastive learning has revolutionized self-supervised image representation learning field, and recently been adapted to video domain. One of the greatest advantages of contrastive learning is that it allows us to flexibly define powerful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Haofei Kuang , Yi Zhu , Zhi Zhang , Xinyu Li , Joseph Tighe , Sören Schwertfeger , Cyrill Stachniss , Mu Li

Graph matching has important applications in pattern recognition and beyond. Current approaches predominantly adopt supervised learning, demanding extensive labeled data which can be limited or costly. Meanwhile, self-supervised learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Jianyuan Bo , Yuan Fang

Contrastive learning is commonly used as a method of self-supervised learning with the "anchor" and "positive" being two random augmentations of a given input image, and the "negative" is the set of all other images. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Rishab Balasubramanian , Kunal Rathore
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