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In many real-world problems, there is the possibility to configure, to a limited extent, some environmental parameters to improve the performance of a learning agent. In this paper, we propose a novel framework, Configurable Markov Decision…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-15 Alberto Maria Metelli , Mirco Mutti , Marcello Restelli

We study the policy testing problem in discounted Markov decision processes (MDPs) in the fixed-confidence setting under a generative model with static sampling. The goal is to decide whether the value of a given policy exceeds a specified…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-21 Kaito Ariu , Po-An Wang , Alexandre Proutiere , Kenshi Abe

Credit scoring has been catalogued by the European Commission and the Executive Office of the US President as a high-risk classification task, a key concern being the potential harms of making loan approval decisions based on models that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Pablo Casas , Christophe Mues , Huan Yu

We study continuous action reinforcement learning problems in which it is crucial that the agent interacts with the environment only through safe policies, i.e.,~policies that do not take the agent to undesirable situations. We formulate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-13 Yinlam Chow , Ofir Nachum , Aleksandra Faust , Edgar Duenez-Guzman , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh

Assigning resources in business processes execution is a repetitive task that can be effectively automated. However, different automation methods may give varying results that may not be optimal. Proper resource allocation is crucial as it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Kamil Żbikowski , Michał Ostapowicz , Piotr Gawrysiak

Policy gradient methods are among the most effective methods in challenging reinforcement learning problems with large state and/or action spaces. However, little is known about even their most basic theoretical convergence properties,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Alekh Agarwal , Sham M. Kakade , Jason D. Lee , Gaurav Mahajan

Reactive synthesis algorithms allow automatic construction of policies to control an environment modeled as a Markov Decision Process (MDP) that are optimal with respect to high-level temporal logic specifications. However, they assume that…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Rajeev Alur , Suguman Bansal , Osbert Bastani , Kishor Jothimurugan

Learning in a lifelong setting, where the dynamics continually evolve, is a hard challenge for current reinforcement learning algorithms. Yet this would be a much needed feature for practical applications. In this paper, we propose an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Pierre Liotet , Francesco Vidaich , Alberto Maria Metelli , Marcello Restelli

We study the offline data-driven sequential decision making problem in the framework of Markov decision process (MDP). In order to enhance the generalizability and adaptivity of the learned policy, we propose to evaluate each policy by a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-11 Zhengling Qi , Peng Liao

Although many fairness criteria have been proposed for decision making, their long-term impact on the well-being of a population remains unclear. In this work, we study the dynamics of population qualification and algorithmic decisions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-24 Xueru Zhang , Ruibo Tu , Yang Liu , Mingyan Liu , Hedvig Kjellström , Kun Zhang , Cheng Zhang

Most existing notions of algorithmic fairness are one-shot: they ensure some form of allocative equality at the time of decision making, but do not account for the adverse impact of the algorithmic decisions today on the long-term welfare…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-06-28 Hoda Heidari , Vedant Nanda , Krishna P. Gummadi

This paper addresses key challenges in task scheduling for multi-tenant distributed systems, including dynamic resource variation, heterogeneous tenant demands, and fairness assurance. An adaptive scheduling method based on reinforcement…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Xiaopei Zhang , Xingang Wang , Xin Wang

Matching in two-sided markets such as ride-hailing has recently received significant attention. However, existing studies on ride-hailing mainly focus on optimising efficiency, and fairness issues in ride-hailing have been neglected.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Yufan Kang , Jeffrey Chan , Wei Shao , Flora D. Salim , Christopher Leckie

This study addresses the challenges of dynamics and complexity in intelligent human-computer interaction and proposes a reinforcement learning-based optimization framework to improve long-term returns and overall experience. Human-computer…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Rui Liu , Yifan Zhuang , Runsheng Zhang

The ability to compute reward-optimal policies for given and known finite Markov decision processes (MDPs) underpins a variety of applications across planning, controller synthesis, and verification. However, we often want policies (1) to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Linus Heck , Filip Macák , Milan Češka , Sebastian Junges

With the introduction of machine learning in high-stakes decision making, ensuring algorithmic fairness has become an increasingly important problem to solve. In response to this, many mathematical definitions of fairness have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Edward Small , Wei Shao , Zeliang Zhang , Peihan Liu , Jeffrey Chan , Kacper Sokol , Flora Salim

Equipping current decision-making tools with notions of fairness, equitability, or other ethically motivated outcomes, is one of the top priorities in recent research efforts in machine learning, AI, and optimization. In this paper, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-27 Andrea Simonetto , Ivano Notarnicola

Software-intensive systems, such as software product lines and robotics, utilise Markov decision processes (MDPs) to capture uncertainty and analyse sequential decision-making problems. Despite the usefulness of conventional policy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Alexandros Evangelidis , Gricel Vázquez , Simos Gerasimou

Finding different solutions to the same problem is a key aspect of intelligence associated with creativity and adaptation to novel situations. In reinforcement learning, a set of diverse policies can be useful for exploration, transfer,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Tom Zahavy , Brendan O'Donoghue , Andre Barreto , Volodymyr Mnih , Sebastian Flennerhag , Satinder Singh

This paper proposes a novel termination criterion, termed the advantage gap function, for finite state and action Markov decision processes (MDP) and reinforcement learning (RL). By incorporating this advantage gap function into the design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Caleb Ju , Guanghui Lan