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In order to improve the resilience of computer infrastructure against cyber attacks and finding ways to mitigate their impact we need to understand their structure and dynamics. Here we propose a novel network-based influence spreading…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Vesa Kuikka , Lauri Pykälä , Tuomas Takko , Kimmo Kaski

In many complex networks the vertices are ordered in time, and edges represent causal connections. We propose methods of analysing such directed acyclic graphs taking into account the constraints of causality and highlighting the causal…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-07-07 James R. Clough , Jamie Gollings , Tamar V. Loach , Tim S. Evans

Interactions between internet users are mediated by their devices and the common support infrastructure in data centres. Keeping track of causality amongst actions that take place in this distributed system is key to provide a seamless…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-08-12 Seyed Hossein Haeri , Peter Van Roy , Carlos Baquero , Christopher Meiklejohn

Predictive models -- learned from observational data not covering the complete data distribution -- can rely on spurious correlations in the data for making predictions. These correlations make the models brittle and hinder generalization.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Khurram Javed , Martha White , Yoshua Bengio

Many real-world processes evolve in cascades over complex networks, whose topologies are often unobservable and change over time. However, the so-termed adoption times when blogs mention popular news items, individuals in a community catch…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-09-30 Brian Baingana , Gonzalo Mateos , Georgios B. Giannakis

Though the studies of social contagions are regularly borrowing network models to study the propagation of social influences and opinions to include social heterogeneity. Such studies provide valuable insights regarding these, but the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-09-28 Dibyajyoti Mallick , Kumar Gaurav , Saumik Bhattacharya , Sayantari Ghosh

In the causal learning setting, we wish to learn cause-and-effect relationships between variables such that we can correctly infer the effect of an intervention. While the difference between a cyclic structure and an acyclic structure may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Katie Everett , Ian Fischer

Much of scientific data is collected as randomized experiments intervening on some and observing other variables of interest. Quite often, a given phenomenon is investigated in several studies, and different sets of variables are involved…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-10-19 Antti Hyttinen , Frederick Eberhardt , Patrik O. Hoyer

We study the estimation of peer effects through social networks when researchers do not observe the entire network structure. Special cases include sampled networks, censored networks, and misclassified links. We assume that researchers can…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-11 Vincent Boucher , Aristide Houndetoungan

Researchers often face data fusion problems, where multiple data sources are available, each capturing a distinct subset of variables. While problem formulations typically take the data as given, in practice, data acquisition can be an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Shantanu Gupta , Zachary C. Lipton , David Childers

Causal learning from data has received much attention recently. Bayesian networks can be used to capture causal relationships. There, one recovers a weighted directed acyclic graph in which random variables are represented by vertices, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Pavel Rytir , Ales Wodecki , Georgios Korpas , Jakub Marecek

The correlations that can be observed between a set of variables depend on the causal structure underpinning them. Causal structures can be modeled using directed acyclic graphs, where nodes represent variables and edges denote functional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-08 Rafael Chaves , Christian Majenz , David Gross

The growth of world-wide-web (WWW) spreads its wings from an intangible quantities of web-pages to a gigantic hub of web information which gradually increases the complexity of crawling process in a search engine. A search engine handles a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2012-08-14 Sudarshan Nandy , Partha Pratim Sarkar , Achintya Das

We consider the problem of structure learning for linear causal models based on observational data. We treat models given by possibly cyclic mixed graphs, which allow for feedback loops and effects of latent confounders. Generalizing…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-21 Carlos Améndola , Philipp Dettling , Mathias Drton , Federica Onori , Jun Wu

In this study, a scalable online kernel learning framework is proposed for estimating bidirectional causal effects in systems characterized by mutual dependence and heteroskedasticity. Traditional causal inference often focuses on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-24 Masahiro Tanaka

In this paper we propose a model to study the appropriation of knowledge of one student in a non-collaborative online class. We formulate a stochastic model based on the quality of the teacher's class and the affinity of the student to…

The growth of world-wide-web (WWW) spreads its wings from an intangible quantities of web-pages to a gigantic hub of web information which gradually increases the complexity of crawling process in a search engine. A search engine handles a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-08-15 Sudarshan Nandy , Partha Pratim Sarkar , Achintya Das

Digital networks have profoundly transformed the ways in which individuals interact, exchange information, and establish connections, leading to the emergence of phenomena such as virality, misinformation cascades, and online polarization.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Pengjia Cui

Recently developed information communication technologies, particularly the Internet, have affected how we, both as individuals and as a society, create, store, and recall information. Internet also provides us with a great opportunity to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-01-05 Ruth García-Gavilanes , Anders Mollgaard , Milena Tsvetkova , Taha Yasseri

Most classification methods are based on the assumption that data conforms to a stationary distribution. The machine learning domain currently suffers from a lack of classification techniques that are able to detect the occurrence of a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-01-05 Alzennyr Da Silva , Yves Lechevallier , Fabrice Rossi , Francisco De A. T. De Carvahlo
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