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Quantum mechanics predicts the joint probability distribution of the outcomes of simultaneous measurements of commuting observables, but, in the state of the art, has lacked the operational definition of simultaneous measurements. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Masanao Ozawa

A rigorous mathematical theory of dimensional analysis, systematically accounting for the use of physical quantities in science and engineering, perhaps surprisingly, was not developed until relatively recently. We claim that this has…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-08-20 Carlos Zapata-Carratala

We set up a model for reasoning about metric spaces with belief theoretic measures. The uncertainty in these spaces stems from both probability and metric. To represent both aspect of uncertainty, we choose an expected distance function as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-02 Seunghwan Lee

Numerical integration (NI) packages commonly used in scientific research are limited to returning the value of a definite integral at the upper integration limit, also commonly referred to as numerical quadrature. These quadrature…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2018-06-06 Daniel Gebremedhin , Charles Weatherford

We study the formalization of a collection of documents created for a Software Engineering project from an MKM perspective. We analyze how document and collection markup formats can cope with an open-ended, multi-dimensional space of…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2010-04-29 Andrea Kohlhase , Michael Kohlhase , Christoph Lange

We study the logic obtained by endowing the language of first-order arithmetic with second-order measure quantifiers. This new kind of quantification allows us to express that the argument formula is true in a certain portion of all…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Melissa Antonelli , Ugo Dal Lago , Paolo Pistone

We identify the task of measuring data to quantitatively characterize the composition of machine learning data and datasets. Similar to an object's height, width, and volume, data measurements quantify different attributes of data along…

Software implements a significant proportion of functionality in factory automation. Thus, efficient development and the reuse of software parts, so-called units, enhance competitiveness. Thereby, complex control software units are more…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Juliane Fischer , Birgit Vogel-Heuser , Heiko Schneider , Nikolai Langer , Markus Felger , Matthias Bengel

Dimensional metrology and positioning operations are used in many fields of particle accelerator projects. This lecture gives the basic tools to designers in the field of measure by analysing the spatial layout of measurement systems since…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2011-04-06 A. Lestrade

Symmetries are a key concept to connect mathematical elegance with physical insight. We consider measurement assemblages in quantum mechanics and show how their symmetry can be described by means of the so-called discrete bundles. It turns…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-30 H. Chau Nguyen , Sébastien Designolle , Mohamed Barakat , Otfried Gühne

Unified Modeling Language (UML) is currently accepted as the standard for modeling (object-oriented) software, and its use is increasing in the aerospace industry. Verification and Validation of complex software developed according to UML…

We introduce a single-number metric, quantum volume, that can be measured using a concrete protocol on near-term quantum computers of modest size ($n\lesssim 50$), and measure it on several state-of-the-art transmon devices, finding values…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-14 Andrew W. Cross , Lev S. Bishop , Sarah Sheldon , Paul D. Nation , Jay M. Gambetta

When developing a safety-critical system it is essential to obtain an assessment of different design alternatives. In particular, an early safety assessment of the architectural design of a system is desirable. In spite of the plethora of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2011-07-07 Florian Leitner-Fischer , Stefan Leue

Measuring comodules are defined and shown to provide a useful generalization of the set of maps between modules with a broad range of applications. Three applications are described. Connections on bundles are described in terms of measuring…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Marjorie Batchelor

It is well known that physical phenomena may be of great help in computing some difficult problems efficiently. A typical example is prime factorization that may be solved in polynomial time by exploiting quantum entanglement on a quantum…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Massimiliano Di Ventra , Fabio L. Traversa

Quantum physics holds the promise of enabling certain tasks with better performance than possible when only classical resources are employed. The quantum phenomena present in many experiments signify nonclassical behavior, but do not always…

Recent advances in computational and experimental technologies applied to the design and development of novel materials have brought out the need for systematic, rational and efficient methods for the organization of knowledge in the field.…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-11-05 Fabio Le Piane , Matteo Baldoni , Mauro Gaspari , Francesco Mercuri

During the past decades, quantum mechanical methods have undergone an amazing transition from pioneering investigations of experts into a wide range of practical applications, made by a vast community of researchers. First principles…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2016-11-09 Laura E. Ratcliff , Stephan Mohr , Georg Huhs , Thierry Deutsch , Michel Masella , Luigi Genovese

Quantum measurement and quantum operation theory is developed here by taking the relational properties among quantum systems, instead of the independent properties of a quantum system, as the most fundamental elements. By studying how the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-20 Jianhao M. Yang

Using the convex structure of positive operator value measurements and of several quantities used in quantum metrology, such as quantum Fisher information or the quantum Van Trees information, we present an efficient numerical method to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-11 Esteban Martínez-Vargas , Carlos Pineda , Pablo Barberis-Blostein