Related papers: Quantifying Complexity: An Object-Relations Approa…
Open quantum systems are ubiquitous in the physical sciences, with widespread applications in the areas of chemistry, condensed matter physics, material science, optics, and many more. Not surprisingly, there is significant interest in…
Contextuality is central to both the foundations of quantum theory and to the novel information processing tasks. Although it was recognized before Bell's nonlocality, despite some recent proposals, it still faces a fundamental problem: how…
Similarities between entities occur frequently in many real-world scenarios. For over a century, researchers in different fields have proposed a range of approaches to measure the similarity between entities. More recently, inspired by…
This chapter reviews the purpose and use of models from the field of complex systems and, in particular, the implications of trying to use models to understand or make decisions within complex situations, such as policy makers usually face.…
The concept of {\em complexity} (as a quantity) has been plagued by numerous contradictory and confusing definitions. By explicitly recognising a role for the observer of a system, an observer that attaches meaning to data about the system,…
Entropy is a fundamental concept in quantum information theory that allows to quantify entanglement and investigate its properties, for example its monogamy over multipartite systems. Here, we derive variational formulas for relative…
The reliable prediction of the temporal behavior of complex systems is key in numerous scientific fields. This strong interest is however hindered by modeling issues: often, the governing equations describing the physics of the system under…
A scheme is presented to extract detailed dynamical signatures from successive measurements of complex systems. Relative entropy based time series tools are used to quantify the gain in predictive power of increasing past knowledge. By…
Organizations generate vast amounts of interconnected content across various platforms. While language models enable sophisticated reasoning for use in business applications, retrieving and contextualizing information from organizational…
We shed new light on entanglement measures in multipartite quantum systems by taking a computational-complexity approach toward quantifying quantum entanglement with two familiar notions--approximability and distinguishability. Built upon…
Complexity of patterns is a key information for human brain to differ objects of about the same size and shape. Like other innate human senses, the complexity perception cannot be easily quantified. We propose a transparent and universal…
Various topics concerning the entanglement of composite quantum systems are considered with particular emphasis concerning the strict relations of such a problem with the one of attributing objective properties to the constituents. Most of…
The general framework of entropic dynamics is used to formulate a relational quantum dynamics. The main new idea is to use tools of information geometry to develop an entropic measure of the mismatch between successive configurations of a…
Complex networks are universal, arising in fields as disparate as sociology, physics, and biology. In the past decade, extensive research into the properties and behaviors of complex systems has uncovered surprising commonalities among the…
'Causal' direction is of great importance when dealing with complex systems. Often big volumes of data in the form of time series are available and it is important to develop methods that can inform about possible causal connections between…
Complexity matching characterizes the role of information in interactions between systems and can be traced back to the 1957 Introduction to Cybernetics by Ross Ashby. We argue that complexity can be expressed in terms of crucial events,…
We establish a connection between non-deterministic communication complexity and instance complexity, a measure of information based on algorithmic entropy. Let $\overline{x}$, $\overline{y}$ and $Y_1(\overline{x})$ be respectively the…
Our knowledge of quantum mechanics can satisfactorily describe simple, microscopic systems, but is yet to explain the macroscopic everyday phenomena we observe. Here we aim to shed some light on the quantum-to-classical transition as seen…
Information theoretic quantities are extremely useful in discovering relationships between two or more data sets. One popular method---particularly for continuous systems---for estimating these quantities is the nearest neighbour…
With the development of low order scaling methods for performing Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory, it is now possible to perform fully quantum mechanical calculations of systems containing tens of thousands of atoms. However, with an…