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With advancements in AI infrastructure and Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) technology, Federated Learning as a Service (FLaaS) through JointCloud Computing (JCC) is promising to break through the resource constraints caused by…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Fei Gao , Ming Hu , Zhiyu Xie , Peichang Shi , Xiaofei Xie , Guodong Yi , Huaimin Wang

MLaaS (Machine Learning as a Service) has become popular in the cloud computing domain, allowing users to leverage cloud resources for running private inference of ML models on their data. However, ensuring user input privacy and secure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Kishore Rajasekar , Randolph Loh , Kar Wai Fok , Vrizlynn L. L. Thing

Intel Software Guard Extension (SGX) offers software applications enclave to protect their confidentiality and integrity from malicious operating systems. The SSL/TLS protocol, which is the de facto standard for protecting transport-layer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-09-28 Yuan Xiao , Mengyuan Li , Sanchuan Chen , Yinqian Zhang

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm designed for privacy-sensitive applications that run on resource-constrained devices with non-Identically and Independently Distributed (IID) data. Traditional FL frameworks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Omid Tavallaie , Kanchana Thilakarathna , Suranga Seneviratne , Aruna Seneviratne , Albert Y. Zomaya

Serverless computing has emerged as a very popular cloud technology, together with its companion Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) programming model enabling invocations of stateless functions from clients. An evolution of serverless is now…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Carlo Puliafito , Claudio Cicconetti , Marco Conti , Enzo Mingozzi , Andrea Passarella

Split Federated Learning (SFL) has emerged as an efficient alternative to traditional Federated Learning (FL) by reducing client-side computation through model partitioning. However, exchanging of intermediate activations and model updates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Xingchen Wang , Feijie Wu , Chenglin Miao , Tianchun Li , Haoyu Hu , Qiming Cao , Jing Gao , Lu Su

Cloud computing offers the economies of scale for computational resources with the ease of management, elasticity, and fault tolerance. To take advantage of these benefits, many enterprises are contemplating to outsource the middlebox…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-18 Bohdan Trach , Alfred Krohmer , Sergei Arnautov , Franz Gregor , Pramod Bhatotia , Christof Fetzer

Training large language models (LLMs) at the network edge faces fundamental challenges arising from device resource constraints, severe data heterogeneity, and heightened privacy risks. To address these challenges, we propose ELSA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xiaohong Yang , Tong Xie , Minghui Liwang , Chikai Shang , Yang Lu , Zhenzhen Jiao , Liqun Fu , Seyyedali Hosseinalipour

A key feature of federated learning (FL) is to preserve the data privacy of end users. However, there still exist potential privacy leakage in exchanging gradients under FL. As a result, recent research often explores the differential…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Yuntao Wang , Zhou Su , Yanghe Pan , Tom H Luan , Ruidong Li , Shui Yu

Blockchain-based federated learning has gained significant interest over the last few years with the increasing concern for data privacy, advances in machine learning, and blockchain innovation. However, gaps in security and scalability…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Evan Madill , Ben Nguyen , Carson K. Leung , Sara Rouhani

FaaS introduces a lightweight, function-based cloud execution model that finds its relevance in a range of applications like IoT-edge data processing and anomaly detection. While cloud service providers offer a near-infinite function…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Siddharth Agarwal , Maria A. Rodriguez , Rajkumar Buyya

Federated learning (FL) faces a critical dilemma: existing protection mechanisms like differential privacy (DP) and homomorphic encryption (HE) enforce a rigid trade-off, forcing a choice between model utility and computational efficiency.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Zihou Wu , Yuecheng Li , Tianchi Liao , Jian Lou , Chuan Chen

The Function-as-a-service (FaaS) computing model has recently seen significant growth especially for highly scalable, event-driven applications. The easy-to-deploy and cost-efficient fine-grained billing of FaaS is highly attractive to big…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Yuze Li , Kevin Assogba , Abhijit Tripathy , Moiz Arif , M. Mustafa Rafique , Ali R. Butt , Dimitrios Nikolopoulos

Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) platforms and "serverless" cloud computing are becoming increasingly popular. Current FaaS offerings are targeted at stateless functions that do minimal I/O and communication. We argue that the benefits of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Vikram Sreekanti , Chenggang Wu , Xiayue Charles Lin , Johann Schleier-Smith , Jose M. Faleiro , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Joseph M. Hellerstein , Alexey Tumanov

Collaborative and distributed learning techniques, such as Federated Learning (FL) and Split Learning (SL), hold significant promise for leveraging sensitive data in privacy-critical domains. However, FL and SL suffer from key limitations…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Amirreza Sokhankhosh , Khalid Hassan , Sara Rouhani

Federated Learning Networks (FLNs) have been envisaged as a promising paradigm to collaboratively train models among mobile devices without exposing their local privacy data. Due to the need for frequent model updates and communications,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Yuan-Ai Xie , Jiawen Kang , Dusit Niyato , Nguyen Thi Thanh Van , Nguyen Cong Luong , Zhixin Liu , Han Yu

Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) is at the core of serverless computing, enabling developers to easily deploy applications without managing computing resources. With an Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC) approach, frameworks like the Serverless…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Angel C. Chavez-Moreno , Cristina L. Abad

Federated Learning (FL) is a machine learning paradigm to conduct collaborative learning among clients on a joint model. The primary goal is to share clients' local training parameters with an integrating server while preserving their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Mahdi Ghafourian , Julian Fierrez , Ruben Vera-Rodriguez , Ruben Tolosana , Aythami Morales

Federated fine-tuning of on-device large language models (LLMs) mitigates privacy concerns by preventing raw data sharing. However, the intensive computational and memory demands pose significant challenges for resource-constrained edge…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Tao Li , Yulin Tang , Yiyang Song , Cong Wu , Xihui Liu , Pan Li , Xianhao Chen

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a key paradigm for building Trustworthy AI systems by enabling privacy-preserving, decentralized model training. However, FL is highly susceptible to adversarial attacks that compromise model integrity…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Mario García-Márquez , Nuria Rodríguez-Barroso , M. Victoria Luzón , Francisco Herrera