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Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models offer a pivotal approach to learning robotic manipulation at scale by repurposing large pre-trained Vision-Language-Models (VLM) to output robotic actions. However, adapting VLMs for robotic domains comes…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Rokas Bendikas , Daniel Dijkman , Markus Peschl , Sanjay Haresh , Pietro Mazzaglia

Vision-language-action models (VLAs) have become an increasingly popular approach for addressing robot manipulation problems in recent years. However, such models need to output actions at a rate suitable for robot control, which limits the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Eric Hannus , Miika Malin , Tran Nguyen Le , Ville Kyrki

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models remain brittle in long-horizon, contact-rich manipulation because success-only imitation provides little supervision for execution drift, while failed rollouts are often discarded. We introduce RePO-VLA,…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently become highly prominent in the field of robotics. Leveraging vision-language foundation models trained on large-scale internet data, the VLA model can generate robotic actions directly from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Wei Zhao , Gongsheng Li , Zhefei Gong , Pengxiang Ding , Han Zhao , Donglin Wang

Most existing vision-language-action (VLA) models for robotic manipulation lack progress awareness, typically relying on hand-crafted heuristics for task termination. This limitation is particularly severe in long-horizon tasks involving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hongyu Yan , Qiwei Li , Jiaolong Yang , Yadong Mu

Visual imitation learning provides efficient and intuitive solutions for robotic systems to acquire novel manipulation skills. However, simultaneously learning geometric task constraints and control policies from visual inputs alone remains…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Jianfeng Gao , Zhi Tao , Noémie Jaquier , Tamim Asfour

Behavioral cloning has proven to be effective for learning sequential decision-making policies from expert demonstrations. However, behavioral cloning often suffers from the causal confusion problem where a policy relies on the noticeable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Jongjin Park , Younggyo Seo , Chang Liu , Li Zhao , Tao Qin , Jinwoo Shin , Tie-Yan Liu

Prevailing Vision-Language-Action Models (VLAs) for robotic manipulation are built upon vision-language backbones pretrained on large-scale, but disconnected static web data. As a result, despite improved semantic generalization, the policy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Jonas Pai , Liam Achenbach , Victoriano Montesinos , Benedek Forrai , Oier Mees , Elvis Nava

Enabling autonomous robots to interact in unstructured environments with dynamic objects requires manipulation capabilities that can deal with clutter, changes, and objects' variability. This paper presents a comparison of different…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-02-01 Michel Breyer , Fadri Furrer , Tonci Novkovic , Roland Siegwart , Juan Nieto

Imitation learning is a popular approach for teaching motor skills to robots. However, most approaches focus on extracting policy parameters from execution traces alone (i.e., motion trajectories and perceptual data). No adequate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Simon Stepputtis , Joseph Campbell , Mariano Phielipp , Stefan Lee , Chitta Baral , Heni Ben Amor

We present an integrated approach for perception and control for an autonomous vehicle and demonstrate this approach in a high-fidelity urban driving simulator. Our approach first builds a model for the environment, then trains a policy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-19 Ali Baheri , Ilya Kolmanovsky , Anouck Girard , H. Eric Tseng , Dimitar Filev

Imitation learning is an effective tool for robotic learning tasks where specifying a reinforcement learning (RL) reward is not feasible or where the exploration problem is particularly difficult. Imitation, typically behavior cloning or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Yuxiang Zhou , Yusuf Aytar , Konstantinos Bousmalis

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms can learn complex robotic skills from raw sensory inputs, but have yet to achieve the kind of broad generalization and applicability demonstrated by deep learning methods in supervised domains. We…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Frederik Ebert , Chelsea Finn , Sudeep Dasari , Annie Xie , Alex Lee , Sergey Levine

Visual imitation learning (VIL) provides an efficient and intuitive strategy for robotic systems to acquire novel skills. Recent advancements in Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in vision and language…

We propose an adaptation to the training of Vision Transformers (ViTs) that allows for an explicit modeling of objects during the attention computation. This is achieved by adding a new branch to selected attention layers that computes an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Vivek Trivedy , Amani Almalki , Longin Jan Latecki

One of the central challenges preventing robots from acquiring complex manipulation skills is the prohibitive cost of collecting large-scale robot demonstrations. In contrast, humans are able to learn efficiently by watching others interact…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Changhe Chen , Quantao Yang , Xiaohao Xu , Nima Fazeli , Olov Andersson

Inspired by the success of transfer learning in computer vision, roboticists have investigated visual pre-training as a means to improve the learning efficiency and generalization ability of policies learned from pixels. To that end, past…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Kaylee Burns , Zach Witzel , Jubayer Ibn Hamid , Tianhe Yu , Chelsea Finn , Karol Hausman

Neuronal network models and corresponding computer simulations are invaluable tools to aid the interpretation of the relationship between neuron properties, connectivity and measured activity in cortical tissue. Spatiotemporal patterns of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-09-16 Johanna Senk , Corto Carde , Espen Hagen , Torsten W. Kuhlen , Markus Diesmann , Benjamin Weyers

Generalization in robot manipulation is essential for deploying robots in open-world environments and advancing toward artificial general intelligence. While recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models leverage large pre-trained…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yichao Shen , Fangyun Wei , Zhiying Du , Yaobo Liang , Yan Lu , Jiaolong Yang , Nanning Zheng , Baining Guo

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently emerged as a promising paradigm for robotic manipulation, in which reliable action prediction critically depends on accurately interpreting and integrating visual observations conditioned on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Yulin Luo , Hao Chen , Zhuangzhe Wu , Bowen Sui , Jiaming Liu , Chenyang Gu , Zhuoyang Liu , Qiuxuan Feng , Jiale Yu , Shuo Gu , Peng Jia , Pheng-Ann Heng , Shanghang Zhang