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Predicting outcomes and planning interactions with the physical world are long-standing goals for machine learning. A variety of such tasks involves continuous physical systems, which can be described by partial differential equations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Philipp Holl , Vladlen Koltun , Nils Thuerey

Neural ordinary differential equations (neural ODEs) are a popular type of deep learning model that operate with continuous-depth architectures. To assess how well such models perform on unseen data, it is crucial to understand their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Madhusudan Verma , Manoj Kumar

In the development of model predictive controllers for PDE-constrained problems, the use of reduced order models is essential to enable real-time applicability. Besides local linearization approaches, Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-12-15 Sebastian Peitz , Stefan Klus

Differential equations (DE) constrained optimization plays a critical role in numerous scientific and engineering fields, including energy systems, aerospace engineering, ecology, and finance, where optimal configurations or control…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Vincenzo Di Vito , Mostafa Mohammadian , Kyri Baker , Ferdinando Fioretto

In this work, we propose a novel layerwise adaptive construction method for neural network architectures. Our approach is based on a goal--oriented dual-weighted residual technique for the optimal control of neural differential equations.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Michael Hintermüller , Michael Hinze , Denis Korolev

Many physical processes such as weather phenomena or fluid mechanics are governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). Modelling such dynamical systems using Neural Networks is an active research field. However, current methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Andrzej Dulny , Andreas Hotho , Anna Krause

Extracting physical laws from observation data is a central challenge in many diverse areas of science and engineering. We propose Optimal Control Neural Networks (OCN) to learn the laws of vector fields in dynamical systems, with no…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Xuping Tian , Baskar Ganapathysubramanian , Hailiang Liu

Time delays are ubiquitous in industry, and they must be accounted for when designing control strategies. However, numerical optimal control (NOC) of delay differential equations (DDEs) is challenging because it requires specialized…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-22 Tobias K. S. Ritschel , Søren Stange

Deep neural networks are increasingly used as an effective parameterization of control policies in various learning-based control paradigms. For continuous-time optimal control problems (OCPs), which are central to many decision-making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Joshua Hang Sai Ip , Georgios Makrygiorgos , Ali Mesbah

The neural ordinary differential equation (ODE) framework has emerged as a powerful tool for developing accelerated surrogate models of complex physical systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). A popular approach for PDE…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-03-26 Ashish S. Nair , Shivam Barwey , Pinaki Pal , Jonathan F. MacArt , Troy Arcomano , Romit Maulik

Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (NODEs) have proven to be a powerful modeling tool for approximating (interpolation) and forecasting (extrapolation) irregularly sampled time series data. However, their performance degrades…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Hammad A. Ayyubi , Yi Yao , Ajay Divakaran

Classical neural ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are powerful tools for approximating the log-density functions in high-dimensional spaces along trajectories, where neural networks parameterize the velocity fields. This paper…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-30 Mo Zhou , Stanley Osher , Wuchen Li

Neural operators have emerged as promising surrogate models for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), but struggle to generalise beyond training distributions and are often constrained to a fixed temporal discretisation. This work…

We consider the problem of designing a machine learning-based model of an unknown dynamical system from a finite number of (state-input)-successor state data points, such that the model obtained is also suitable for optimal control design.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-10 Filippo Fabiani , Bartolomeo Stellato , Daniele Masti , Paul J. Goulart

Neural ordinary differential equations (ODEs) have been attracting increasing attention in various research domains recently. There have been some works studying optimization issues and approximation capabilities of neural ODEs, but their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Hanshu Yan , Jiawei Du , Vincent Y. F. Tan , Jiashi Feng

In this article, we discuss two algorithms tailored to discrete-time deterministic finite-horizon nonlinear optimal control problems or so-called deterministic trajectory optimization problems. Both algorithms can be derived from an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-10 Mohammad Mahmoudi Filabadi , Tom Lefebvre , Guillaume Crevecoeur

This paper focuses on optimal control problem for a class of discrete-time nonlinear systems. In practical applications, computation time is a crucial consideration when solving nonlinear optimal control problems, especially under real-time…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-01 Chuanzhi Lv , Xunmin Yin , Hongdan Li , Huanshui Zhang

Nonlinear optimization-based control policies, such as those those arising in nonlinear Model Predictive Control, have seen remarkable success in recent years. These policies require solving computationally demanding nonlinear optimization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Riccardo Zuliani , Efe C. Balta , John Lygeros

We present a data-driven control framework for partial differential equations (PDEs). Our approach integrates Time-Integrated Deep Operator Networks (TI-DeepONets) as differentiable PDE surrogate models within the Differentiable Predictive…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Dibakar Roy Sarkar , Ján Drgoňa , Somdatta Goswami

Neural controlled differential equations (CDEs) are the continuous-time analogue of recurrent neural networks, as Neural ODEs are to residual networks, and offer a memory-efficient continuous-time way to model functions of potentially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 James Morrill , Cristopher Salvi , Patrick Kidger , James Foster , Terry Lyons