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Unprecedented volumes of Earth observation data are continually collected around the world, but high-quality labels remain scarce given the effort required to make physical measurements and observations. This has led to considerable…

Global forest cover is critical to the provision of certain ecosystem services. With the advent of the google earth engine cloud platform, fine resolution global land cover mapping task could be accomplished in a matter of days instead of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Qian Shi , Xiaolei Qin , Lingyu Sun , Zitao Shen , Xiaoping Liu , Xiaocong Xu , Jiaxin Tian , Rong Liu , Andrea Marinoni

Hyperspectral Imaging, employed in satellites for space remote sensing, like HYPSO-1, faces constraints due to few labeled data sets, affecting the training of AI models demanding these ground-truth annotations. In this work, we introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Jon A. Justo , Joseph Garrett , Dennis D. Langer , Marie B. Henriksen , Radu T. Ionescu , Tor A. Johansen

Earth observation (EO), aiming at monitoring the state of planet Earth using remote sensing data, is critical for improving our daily lives and living environment. With a growing number of satellites in orbit, an increasing number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Zhitong Xiong , Fahong Zhang , Yi Wang , Yilei Shi , Xiao Xiang Zhu

Forests worldwide are increasingly threatened by climate change and disturbances such as fire, pests, and pathogens, creating an urgent need for scalable monitoring of tree cover and tree mortality. Aerial imagery from drones and aircraft…

In this work, we investigate the use of OpenStreetMap data for semantic labeling of Earth Observation images. Deep neural networks have been used in the past for remote sensing data classification from various sensors, including…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-18 Nicolas Audebert , Bertrand Le Saux , Sébastien Lefèvre

Ground filtering has remained a widely studied but incompletely resolved bottleneck for decades in the automatic generation of high-precision digital elevation model, due to the dramatic changes of topography and the complex structures of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Nannan Qin , Weikai Tan , Lingfei Ma , Dedong Zhang , Jonathan Li

Satellite images are snapshots of the Earth surface. We propose to forecast them. We frame Earth surface forecasting as the task of predicting satellite imagery conditioned on future weather. EarthNet2021 is a large dataset suitable for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-21 Christian Requena-Mesa , Vitus Benson , Markus Reichstein , Jakob Runge , Joachim Denzler

Urban planners need up-to-date, global, and consistent street network models and indicators to measure resilience and performance, model accessibility, and target local quality-of-life interventions. This article presents up-to-date street…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-04 Geoff Boeing

We present AiTLAS: Benchmark Arena -- an open-source benchmark suite for evaluating state-of-the-art deep learning approaches for image classification in Earth Observation (EO). To this end, we present a comprehensive comparative analysis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-02 Ivica Dimitrovski , Ivan Kitanovski , Dragi Kocev , Nikola Simidjievski

The focus of this paper is using a convolutional machine learning model with a modified U-Net structure for creating land cover classification mapping based on satellite imagery. The aim of the research is to train and test convolutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Priit Ulmas , Innar Liiv

In this work we pretrain a CLIP/ViT based model using three different modalities of satellite imagery across five AOIs covering over ~10\% of Earth's total landmass, namely Sentinel 2 RGB optical imagery, Sentinel 1 SAR radar amplitude and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Matt Allen , Francisco Dorr , Joseph A. Gallego-Mejia , Laura Martínez-Ferrer , Anna Jungbluth , Freddie Kalaitzis , Raúl Ramos-Pollán

Historical map collections are highly diverse in style, scale, and geographic focus, often consisting of many single-sheet documents. Yet most work in map recognition focuses on specialist models tailored to homogeneous map series. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Remi Petitpierre

In 2023, 58.0% of the African population experienced moderate to severe food insecurity, with 21.6% facing severe food insecurity. Land-use and land-cover maps provide crucial insights for addressing food insecurity by improving…

Precise spatial understanding in Earth Observation is essential for translating raw aerial imagery into actionable insights for critical applications like urban planning, environmental monitoring and disaster management. However, Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Roger Ferrod , Maël Lecene , Krishna Sapkota , George Leifman , Vered Silverman , Genady Beryozkin , Sylvain Lobry

This paper presents the BigEarthNet that is a new large-scale multi-label Sentinel-2 benchmark archive. The BigEarthNet consists of 590,326 Sentinel-2 image patches, each of which is a section of i) 120x120 pixels for 10m bands; ii) 60x60…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Gencer Sumbul , Marcela Charfuelan , Begüm Demir , Volker Markl

We introduce IrrMap, the first large-scale dataset (1.1 million patches) for irrigation method mapping across regions. IrrMap consists of multi-resolution satellite imagery from LandSat and Sentinel, along with key auxiliary data such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Nibir Chandra Mandal , Oishee Bintey Hoque , Abhijin Adiga , Samarth Swarup , Mandy Wilson , Lu Feng , Yangfeng Ji , Miaomiao Zhang , Geoffrey Fox , Madhav Marathe

Road network data provides rich information about cities, but processing worldwide OpenStreetMap (OSM) data is computationally intensive, and the resulting graphs are often difficult to unify for benchmarking downstream tasks. Existing…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Guanjie Zheng , Ziyang Su , Yiheng Wang , Yuhang Luo , Hongwei Zhang , Xuanhe Zhou , Linghe Kong , Fan Wu , Wen Ling

Cities worldwide exhibit a variety of street network patterns and configurations that shape human mobility, equity, health, and livelihoods. This study models and analyzes the street networks of every urban area in the world, using…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-03-10 Geoff Boeing

OpenStreetMap (OSM) is currently the richest publicly available information source on geographic entities (e.g., buildings and roads) worldwide. However, using OSM entities in machine learning models and other applications is challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Nicolas Tempelmeier , Simon Gottschalk , Elena Demidova