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The requirements to achieve high detection efficiency (above 50\%) and gigahertz (GHz) frame rate for the proposed 42-keV X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) at Los Alamos are summarized. Direct detection scenarios using C (diamond), Si, Ge…
New lensless diffractive X-ray technic for micro-scale imaging of biological tissue is based on quantitative phase retrieval schemes. By incorporating refraction, this method yields improved contrast compared to purely absorption-based…
Optoelectronic micro- and nanostructures have a vast parameter space to explore for modification and optimisation of their functional performance. This paper reports on a data-led approach using high-throughput single nanostructure…
Single-particle electron microscopy is a modern technique that biophysicists employ to learn the structure of proteins. It yields data that consist of noisy random projections of the protein structure in random directions, with the added…
Single Pixel (SP) imaging is now a reality in many applications, e.g., biomedical ultrathin endoscope and fluorescent spectroscopy. In this context, many schemes exist to improve the light throughput of these device, e.g., using structured…
Structure determination is a key application of XFELs and 4th generation synchrotron sources, particularly using the coherent and pulsed X-ray radiation from X-ray free-electron lasers (XFEL). Scientific interest focuses on understanding…
The advent of the X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) has made it possible to record snapshots of biological entities injected into the X-ray beam before the onset of radiation damage. Algorithmic means must then be used to determine the…
Lensless in-line holography is a simple, portable, and cost-effective method of imaging especially for the biomedical microscopy applications. We propose a multiplicative gradient descent optimization based method to obtain multi-depth…
Lensless optical imaging eliminates the need for refractive optics, enabling compact and low-cost cameras with a large field-of-view, supporting point-of-care diagnostics and industrial monitoring. Practical deployments, however, remain…
Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) for visualizing objects at atomic resolution has been realized as a promising tool for imaging single molecules. Drawbacks of CDI are associated with the difficulty of the numerical phase retrieval from…
We propose a method of spatial resolution enhancement in metrology (thermometry, magnetometry, pH estimation, and similar methods) with blinking fluorescent nanosensors by combining sensing with super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging…
The Single Particles, Clusters and Biomolecules (SPB) instrument at the European XFEL is located behind the SASE1 undulator, and aims to support imaging and structure determination of biological specimen between about 0.1 micrometer and 1…
Fourier single-pixel imaging (FSI) is a data-efficient single-pixel imaging (SPI). However, there is still a serious challenge to obtain higher imaging quality using fewer measurements, which limits the development of real-time SPI. In this…
Digital holography numerically restores three-dimensional image information using optically captured diffractive waves. The required bandwidth is larger than that of hologram pixel at a closer distance in the Fresnel diffraction regime,…
Single molecule X-ray scattering experiments with free electron lasers have opened a new route to the structure determination of biomolecules. Because typically only very few photons per scattering image are recorded and thus the…
Despite offering high sensitivity, a high signal-to-noise ratio, and a broad spectral range, single-pixel imaging (SPI) is limited by low measurement efficiency and long data-acquisition times. To address this, we propose a…
Since the invention of digital cameras there has been a concerted drive towards detector arrays with higher spatial resolution. Microscanning is a technique that provides a final higher resolution image by combining multiple images of a…
Revealing the structure of complex biological macromolecules, such as proteins, is an essential step for understanding the chemical mechanisms that determine the diversity of their functions. Synchrotron based x-ray crystallography and…
Refraction is a common physical phenomenon and has long been researched in computer vision. Objects imaged through a refractive object appear distorted in the image as a function of the shape of the interface between the media. This hinders…
The characterisation of the physical properties of nanoparticles in their native environment plays a central role in a wide range of fields, from nanoparticle-enhanced drug delivery to environmental nanopollution assessment. Standard…