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With Signal's position as one of the most popular secure messaging protocols in use today, the threat of government coercion and mass surveillance, i.e., active Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks, are more relevant than ever. On the other…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Wil Liam Teng , Kasper Rasmussen

One-time login process in conventional authentication systems does not guarantee that the identified user is the actual user throughout the session. However, it is necessary to re-verify the user identity periodically throughout a login…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-07 Abbas Acar , Hidayet Aksu , A. Selcuk Uluagac , Kemal Akkaya

Many widely used Internet messaging and calling apps, such as WhatsApp, Viber, Telegram, and Signal, have deployed an end-to-end encryption functionality. To defeat potential MITM attackers against the key exchange protocol, the approach…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Maliheh Shirvanian , Nitesh Saxena , Jesvin James George

Messaging between two parties and in the group setting has enjoyed widespread attention both in practice, and, more recently, from the cryptographic community. One of the main challenges in the area is constructing secure (end-to-end…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-25 David Balbás , Daniel Collins , Phillip Gajland

WhatsApp messenger is arguably the most popular mobile app available on all smart-phones. Over one billion people worldwide for free messaging, calling, and media sharing use it. In April 2016, WhatsApp switched to a default end-to-end…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-01-25 Nidhi Rastogi , James Hendler

WhatsApp is a popular messaging app used by over a billion users around the globe. Due to this popularity, understanding misbehavior on WhatsApp is an important issue. The sending of unwanted junk messages by unknown contacts via WhatsApp…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Pushkal Agarwal , Aravindh Raman , Damilola Ibosiola , Gareth Tyson , Nishanth Sastry , Kiran Garimella

Many users would prefer the privacy of end-to-end encryption in their online communications if it can be done without significant inconvenience. However, because existing key distribution methods cannot be fully trusted enough for automatic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-12-02 Stuart Heinrich

We revisit the problem of entity authentication in decentralized end-to-end encrypted email and secure messaging to propose a practical and self-sustaining cryptographic solution based on password-authenticated key exchange (PAKE). This not…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Itzel Vazquez Sandoval , Arash Atashpendar , Gabriele Lenzini

As the field of Web3 continues its rapid expansion, the security of Web3 authentication, often the gateway to various Web3 applications, becomes increasingly crucial. Despite its widespread use as a login method by numerous Web3…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Kailun Yan , Xiaokuan Zhang , Wenrui Diao

In recent years, insider threats and attacks have been increasing in terms of frequency and cost to the corporate business. The utilization of end-to-end encrypted instant messaging applications (WhatsApp, Telegram, VPN) by malicious…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Janardhan Kalikiri , Gaurav Varshney , Jaswinder Kour , Tarandeep Singh

With over 3 billion users globally, mobile instant messaging apps have become indispensable for both personal and professional communication. Besides plain messaging, many services implement additional features such as delivery and read…

With the continuous improvement of attack methods, there are more and more distributed, complex, targeted attacks in which the attackers use combined attack methods to achieve the purpose. Advanced cyber attacks include multiple stages to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Xiaoyu Wang , Xiaorui Gong , Lei Yu , Jian Liu

Smartphones with the platforms of applications are gaining extensive attention and popularity. The enormous use of different applications has paved the way to numerous security threats. The threats are in the form of attacks such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Misbah Shafi , Rakesh Kumar Jha , Sanjeev Jain

Encrypted messaging services like WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, and Signal provide secure and deniable communication for billions across the world, but these exact properties prevent holding users accountable for sending messages that are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Alistair Pattison , Nicholas Hopper

Mobile instant messengers such as WhatsApp use delivery status notifications in order to inform users if a sent message has successfully reached its destination. This is useful and important information for the sender due to the often…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Theodor Schnitzler , Katharina Kohls , Evangelos Bitsikas , Christina Pöpper

Zero-click attacks require no user interaction and typically exploit zero-day (i.e., unpatched) vulnerabilities in instant chat applications (such as WhatsApp and iMessage) to gain root access to the victim's smartphone and exfiltrate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Narmeen Shafqat , Cem Topcuoglu , Engin Kirda , Aanjhan Ranganathan

This study investigates the effectiveness of multifactor authentication (MFA) in protecting commercial accounts from unauthorized access, with an additional focus on accounts with known credential leaks. We employ the benchmark-multiplier…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Lucas Augusto Meyer , Sergio Romero , Gabriele Bertoli , Tom Burt , Alex Weinert , Juan Lavista Ferres

Like most modern software, secure messaging apps rely on third-party components to implement important app functionality. Although this practice reduces engineering costs, it also introduces the risk of inadvertent privacy breaches due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Nikita Samarin , Alex Sanchez , Trinity Chung , Akshay Dan Bhavish Juleemun , Conor Gilsenan , Nick Merrill , Joel Reardon , Serge Egelman

Mobile messaging apps are a fundamental communication infrastructure, used by billions of people every day to share information, including sensitive data. Security and Privacy are thus critical concerns for such applications. Although the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Ioannis Karyotakis , Foivos Timotheos Proestakis , Evangelos Talos , Diomidis Spinellis , Nikolaos Alexopoulos

As a fundamental communicative service, email is playing an important role in both individual and corporate communications, which also makes it one of the most frequently attack vectors. An email's authenticity is based on an authentication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Kaiwen Shen , Chuhan Wang , Minglei Guo , Xiaofeng Zheng , Chaoyi Lu , Baojun Liu , Yuxuan Zhao , Shuang Hao , Haixin Duan , Qingfeng Pan , Min Yang
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