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Web 3.0, as the third generation of the World Wide Web, aims to solve contemporary problems of trust, centralization, and data ownership. Driven by the latest advances in cutting-edge technologies, Web 3.0 is moving towards a more open,…
Current architectures to validate, certify, and manage identity are based on centralised, top-down approaches that rely on trusted authorities and third-party operators. We approach the problem of digital identity starting from a human…
A movement for a more transparent and decentralized Internet is globally attracting more attention. People are becoming more privacy-aware of their online identities and data. The Internet is constantly evolving. Web2 focused on companies…
With the advancement of technology and subsequently the age of digital information, online trustworthy identification has become increasingly more important. With respect to the various data breaches and privacy regulations, the current…
With the advancement in computing power and speed, the Internet is being transformed from screen-based information to immersive and extremely low latency communication environments in web 3.0 and the Metaverse. With the emergence of the…
Web 3.0 pursues the establishment of decentralized ecosystems based on blockchain technologies to drive the digital transformation of physical commerce and governance. Through consensus algorithms and smart contracts in blockchain, which…
Since Facebook officially changed its name to Metaverse in Oct. 2021, the metaverse has become a new norm of social networks and three-dimensional (3D) virtual worlds. The metaverse aims to bring 3D immersive and personalized experiences to…
Blockchain is challenging the status quo of the central trust infrastructure currently prevalent in the Internet towards a design principle that is underscored by decentralization, transparency, and trusted auditability. In ideal terms,…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to significantly benefit or harm humanity. At present, a few for-profit companies largely control the development and use of this technology, and therefore determine its outcomes. In an effort…
With the natural evolution of the web, the need for decentralization has rendered the current centralized education system out of date. The student does not "own" their credentials, as the only way their accomplishments are directly linked…
The development of blockchain technology has significantly enhanced the security and transparency of personal information and transaction records. Concurrent with the advancement of blockchain technology and the emergence of the digital…
The current landscape of the core Internet technologies shows considerable centralisation with the big tech companies controlling the vast majority of traffic and services. This has sparked a wide range of decentralisation initiatives with…
The citizenship identities of a nation's occupants enable the state to identify and authenticate them unquestionably. These documents help individuals in recognizing themselves and to profit from the rights and advantages given to them by…
Electronic government (e-government) uses information and communication technologies to deliver public services to individuals and organisations effectively, efficiently and transparently. E-government is one of the most complex systems…
Digital identity is unsolved: after many years of research there is still no trusted communication over the Internet. To provide identity within the context of mutual distrust, this paper presents a blockchain-based digital identity…
Web 3.0 represents the next stage of Internet evolution, aiming to empower users with increased autonomy, efficiency, quality, security, and privacy. This evolution can potentially democratize content access by utilizing the latest…
The metaverse gradually evolves into a virtual world containing a series of interconnected sub-metaverses. Diverse digital resources, including identities, contents, services, and supporting data, are key components of the sub-metaverse.…
World Wide Web is speeding up its pace into an intelligent and decentralized ecosystem, as seen in the campaign of Web 3.0 and forthcoming Web 4.0. Marked by the Europe Commission's latest mention of Web 4.0, a race towards strategic Web…
Since the first appearance of the World Wide Web, people more rely on the Web for their cyber social activities. The second phase of World Wide Web, named Web 2.0, has been extensively attracting worldwide people that participate in…
With the drive to create a decentralized digital economy, Web 3.0 has become a cornerstone of digital transformation, developed on the basis of computing-force networking, distributed data storage, and blockchain. With the rapid realization…