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Relation extraction (RE) plays an important role in extracting knowledge from unstructured text but requires a large amount of labeled corpus. To reduce the expensive annotation efforts, semisupervised learning aims to leverage both labeled…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Yusen Lin

Document-level relation extraction (RE) poses new challenges compared to its sentence-level counterpart. One document commonly contains multiple entity pairs, and one entity pair occurs multiple times in the document associated with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Wenxuan Zhou , Kevin Huang , Tengyu Ma , Jing Huang

PU (Positive Unlabeled) learning is a variant of supervised classification learning in which the only labels revealed to the learner are of positively labeled instances. PU learning arises in many real-world applications. Most existing work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Farnam Mansouri , Shai Ben-David

Existing multi-label ranking (MLR) frameworks only exploit information deduced from the bipartition of labels into positive and negative sets. Therefore, they do not benefit from ranking among positive labels, which is the novel MLR…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-12 V. Bugra Yesilkaynak , Emine Dari , Alican Mertan , Gozde Unal

Many real-world applications have to tackle the Positive-Unlabeled (PU) learning problem, i.e., learning binary classifiers from a large amount of unlabeled data and a few labeled positive examples. While current state-of-the-art methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Xuxi Chen , Wuyang Chen , Tianlong Chen , Ye Yuan , Chen Gong , Kewei Chen , Zhangyang Wang

Unsupervised relation extraction (URE) aims at discovering underlying relations between named entity pairs from open-domain plain text without prior information on relational distribution. Existing URE models utilizing contrastive learning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Guangxin Zhang , Shu Chen

While Positive-Unlabeled (PU) learning is vital in many real-world scenarios, its application to graph data still remains under-explored. We unveil that a critical challenge for PU learning on graph lies on the edge heterophily, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Yuhao Wu , Jiangchao Yao , Bo Han , Lina Yao , Tongliang Liu

Supervised learning needs a huge amount of labeled data, which can be a big bottleneck under the situation where there is a privacy concern or labeling cost is high. To overcome this problem, we propose a new weakly-supervised learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-16 Han Bao , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Learning from positive and unlabeled data (PU learning) is a weakly supervised variant of binary classification in which the learner receives labels only for (some) positively labeled instances, while all other examples remain unlabeled.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Farnam Mansouri , Sandra Zilles , Shai Ben-David

We address the issue of binary classification from positive and unlabeled data (PU classification) with a selection bias in the positive data. During the observation process, (i) a sample is exposed to a user, (ii) the user then returns the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Masahiro Kato , Shuting Wu , Kodai Kureishi , Shota Yasui

Document-level relation extraction (RE) aims to extract the relations between entities from the input document that usually containing many difficultly-predicted entity pairs whose relations can only be predicted through relational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Liang Zhang , Jinsong Su , Yidong Chen , Zhongjian Miao , Zijun Min , Qingguo Hu , Xiaodong Shi

In binary classification, there are situations where negative (N) data are too diverse to be fully labeled and we often resort to positive-unlabeled (PU) learning in these scenarios. However, collecting a non-representative N set that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Yu-Guan Hsieh , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

In many scenarios of binary classification, only positive instances are provided in the training data, leaving the rest of the data unlabeled. This setup, known as positive-unlabeled (PU) learning, is addressed here with a network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Dorit Hochbaum , Torpong Nitayanont

Positive-unlabeled learning (PU learning) in hyperspectral remote sensing imagery (HSI) is aimed at learning a binary classifier from positive and unlabeled data, which has broad prospects in various earth vision applications. However, when…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Hengwei Zhao , Xinyu Wang , Jingtao Li , Yanfei Zhong

Positive unlabeled learning is a binary classification problem with positive and unlabeled data. It is common in domains where negative labels are costly or impossible to obtain, e.g., medicine and personalized advertising. Most approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Bojan Žunkovič

Traditional supervised learning heavily relies on human-annotated datasets, especially in data-hungry neural approaches. However, various tasks, especially multi-label tasks like document-level relation extraction, pose challenges in fully…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Zixia Jia , Junpeng Li , Shichuan Zhang , Anji Liu , Zilong Zheng

In this paper, we address the problem of learning a binary (positive vs. negative) classifier given Positive and Unlabeled data commonly referred to as PU learning. Although rudimentary techniques like clustering, out-of-distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Omar Zamzam , Haleh Akrami , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi , Richard Leahy

Bottlenecks of binary classification from positive and unlabeled data (PU classification) are the requirements that given unlabeled patterns are drawn from the test marginal distribution, and the penalty of the false positive error is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-10 Nontawat Charoenphakdee , Masashi Sugiyama

Named Entity Recognition is the task to locate and classify the entities in the text. However, Unlabeled Entity Problem in NER datasets seriously hinders the improvement of NER performance. This paper proposes SCL-RAI to cope with this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Shuzheng Si , Shuang Zeng , Jiaxing Lin , Baobao Chang

In the early history of positive-unlabeled (PU) learning, the sample selection approach, which heuristically selects negative (N) data from U data, was explored extensively. However, this approach was later dominated by the importance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Miao Xu , Bingcong Li , Gang Niu , Bo Han , Masashi Sugiyama