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We present an approach for modelling the structure and coarse content of legal documents with a view to providing automated support for the drafting of contracts and contract database retrieval. The approach is designed to be applicable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Aspassia Daskalopulu , Marek Sergot

Recently, with the advances made in continuous representation of words (word embeddings) and deep neural architectures, many research works are published in the area of relation extraction and it is very difficult to keep track of so many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Tapas Nayak , Navonil Majumder , Pawan Goyal , Soujanya Poria

Document-level relation extraction (DocRE) is a task that focuses on identifying relations between entities within a document. However, existing DocRE models often overlook the correlation between relations and lack a quantitative analysis…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Yusheng Huang , Zhouhan Lin

In document-level relation extraction, entities may appear multiple times in a document, and their relationships can shift from one context to another. Accurate prediction of the relationship between two entities across an entire document…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Nilesh , Atul Gupta , Avinash C Panday

Definition Extraction (DE) is one of the well-known topics in Information Extraction that aims to identify terms and their corresponding definitions in unstructured texts. This task can be formalized either as a sentence classification task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Amir Pouran Ben Veyseh , Franck Dernoncourt , Dejing Dou , Thien Huu Nguyen

Concept-based interpretability methods offer a lens into the internals of foundation models by decomposing their embeddings into high-level concepts. These concept representations are most useful when they are compositional, meaning that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Adam Stein , Aaditya Naik , Yinjun Wu , Mayur Naik , Eric Wong

This paper concentrates on the representation of the legal relations that obtain between parties once they have entered a contractual agreement and their evolution as the agreement progresses through time. Contracts are regarded as process…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Aspassia Daskalopulu

With the rapid proliferation of textual data, predicting long texts has emerged as a significant challenge in the domain of natural language processing. Traditional text prediction methods encounter substantial difficulties when grappling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Jiahui Zhao , Ziyi Meng , Stepan Gordeev , Zijie Pan , Dongjin Song , Sandro Steinbach , Caiwen Ding

Implicit arguments, which cannot be detected solely through syntactic cues, make it harder to extract predicate-argument tuples. We present a new model for implicit argument prediction that draws on reading comprehension, casting the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-09 Pengxiang Cheng , Katrin Erk

Document-level relation extraction (DocRE) aims to determine the relation between two entities from a document of multiple sentences. Recent studies typically represent the entire document by sequence- or graph-based models to predict the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Wang Xu , Kehai Chen , Lili Mou , Tiejun Zhao

Automatic judgment prediction aims to predict the judicial results based on case materials. It has been studied for several decades mainly by lawyers and judges, considered as a novel and prospective application of artificial intelligence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-19 Shangbang Long , Cunchao Tu , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Relation extraction (RE) is a standard information extraction task playing a major role in downstream applications such as knowledge discovery and question answering. Although decoder-only large language models are excelling in generative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Yuhang Jiang , Ramakanth Kavuluru

Large, pre-trained transformer models like BERT have achieved state-of-the-art results on document understanding tasks, but most implementations can only consider 512 tokens at a time. For many real-world applications, documents can be much…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Allison Hegel , Marina Shah , Genevieve Peaslee , Brendan Roof , Emad Elwany

Recent advancements in deep learning techniques have transformed the area of semantic text matching. However, most state-of-the-art models are designed to operate with short documents such as tweets, user reviews, comments, etc. These…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Akshita Jha , Vineeth Rakesh , Jaideep Chandrashekar , Adithya Samavedhi , Chandan K. Reddy

Relation extraction (RE) aims at extracting the relation between two entities from the text corpora. It is a crucial task for Knowledge Graph (KG) construction. Most existing methods predict the relation between an entity pair by learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Jun Kuang , Yixin Cao , Jianbing Zheng , Xiangnan He , Ming Gao , Aoying Zhou

Learning effective representations of sentences is one of the core missions of natural language understanding. Existing models either train on a vast amount of text, or require costly, manually curated sentence relation datasets. We show…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Allen Nie , Erin D. Bennett , Noah D. Goodman

Sentence-by-sentence information extraction from long documents is an exhausting and error-prone task. As the indicator of document skeleton, catalogs naturally chunk documents into segments and provide informative cascade semantics, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Tong Zhu , Guoliang Zhang , Zechang Li , Zijian Yu , Junfei Ren , Mengsong Wu , Zhefeng Wang , Baoxing Huai , Pingfu Chao , Wenliang Chen

Relation extraction (RE) aims to identify the semantic relations between named entities in text. Recent years have witnessed it raised to the document level, which requires complex reasoning with entities and mentions throughout an entire…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Difeng Wang , Wei Hu , Ermei Cao , Weijian Sun

In document-level relation extraction (DocRE), graph structure is generally used to encode relation information in the input document to classify the relation category between each entity pair, and has greatly advanced the DocRE task over…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-22 Wang Xu , Kehai Chen , Tiejun Zhao

Relation extraction (RE) involves identifying the relations between entities from underlying content. RE serves as the foundation for many natural language processing (NLP) and information retrieval applications, such as knowledge graph…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Xiaoyan Zhao , Yang Deng , Min Yang , Lingzhi Wang , Rui Zhang , Hong Cheng , Wai Lam , Ying Shen , Ruifeng Xu