Related papers: A journey into the proton structure: Progresses an…
I report on our investigations into the impact of (un)polarized transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMD PDFs or TMDs) for gluons at hadron colliders, especially at A Fixed Target Experiment at the LHC (AFTER@LHC).…
Major breakthroughs over the last two decades have led us to access information on how the nucleon's mass, spin and mechanical properties are generated from its quark and gluon degrees of freedom. On one side, a theoretical framework has…
The inclusive distributions of gluons and pions for high-energy NN collisions are calculated. The results for several unintegrated gluon distributions (UGD's) from the literature are compared. We find huge differences in both rapidity and…
The gravitational form factors (GFFs) are a fundamental and elegant way to describe the structure of nucleons and nuclei. Their Fourier transform allows a description of the spatial distribution of the mass, angular momentum, pressure, and…
This chapter, to appear in the section on QCD under extreme conditions within the Encyclopedia of Nuclear Physics, aims to provide a pedagogical introduction to the physics of quarks and gluons in the presence of high temperature, nonzero…
Recent experimental and theoretical ideas are laying the ground for a new era in the knowledge of the parton structure of nuclei. We report on two promising directions beyond inclusive deep inelastic scattering experiments, aimed at, among…
The proton is a composite object with spin one-half, understood to contain highly relativistic spin one-half quarks exchanging spin-one gluons, each possibly with significant orbital angular momenta. While their fundamental interactions are…
There has been growing interest in the near-threshold production of heavy quarkonium which can access the gluonic structure in the nucleon. Previously we studied this process with quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and showed that it can be…
Heavy quarkonium production will provide for novel opportunities to study the gluonic structure of the nucleon in the near future. Near threshold quarkonium production allows for direct experimental access of the dynamic origin of the…
The data from the last seven experiments performed on polarized deep--inelastic scattering on proton and neutron (or deuteron) targets have been analyzed in search of a precise determination of the spin fraction carried by the quarks in the…
The detailed comprehension of momentum fraction and energy dependence of proton structure functions is among the major difficulties in high-energy physics. Perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) plays as an extensive foundation for…
We analyze the inclusive spectra of hadrons produced in $pp$ collisions at high energies in the mid-rapidity region within the soft QCD and perturbative QCD assuming the possible creation of the soft gluons at low intrinsic transverse…
The parton structure of the nucleon and pion is investigated in an exploratory model that allows one to assess whether the dressing of quarks can, by itself, produce realistic gluon contributions to light-cone momentum fractions,…
The main goals of `spin physics' are recalled, and some theoretical and phenomenological aspects of longitudinally polarized deep inelastic scattering and other hard processes are reviewed. The spin dependent parton densities of protons and…
QCD suggests that gluons in the nucleon play an important role in {\it so-called} ``the proton spin problem''. In this talk, the behavior of the polarized gluon distribution in the nucleon is discussed by using the positivity condition of…
The problem of the structure of nucleons and their interaction in the concept of nonperturbative QCD is discussed as an approach to studying the transformation of current quarks into constituent ones and the search for the mechanism of such…
We review the current status of Parton Distribution Function (PDF) determinations for unpolarized and longitudinally polarized protons and for unpolarized nuclei, which are probed by high-energy hadronic scattering in perturbative Quantum…
An overarching scientific challenge for the coming decade is to discover the meaning of confinement, its relationship to dynamical chiral symmetry breaking (DCSB) - the origin of visible mass - and the connection between them. In…
The generalized parton distributions, introduced nearly a decade ago, have emerged as a universal tool to describe hadrons in terms of quark and gluonic degrees of freedom. They combine the features of form factors, parton densities and…
The fact that quark-quark, quark-gluon and gluon-gluon interactions are different sources of particle production in proton-proton collision at high energy is investigated in this work. The variation of the multiplicity and pseudo-rapidity…