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Conditional time series generation plays a critical role in addressing data scarcity and enabling causal analysis in real-world applications. Despite its increasing importance, the field lacks a standardized and systematic benchmarking…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Shaocheng Lan , Shuqi Gu , Zhangzhi Xiong , Kan Ren

Implicit generative models, which do not return likelihood values, such as generative adversarial networks and diffusion models, have become prevalent in recent years. While it is true that these models have shown remarkable results,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Eyal Betzalel , Coby Penso , Aviv Navon , Ethan Fetaya

We present two new metrics for evaluating generative models in the class-conditional image generation setting. These metrics are obtained by generalizing the two most popular unconditional metrics: the Inception Score (IS) and the Fre'chet…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Yaniv Benny , Tomer Galanti , Sagie Benaim , Lior Wolf

Generative models have demonstrated remarkable potential in time series analysis tasks, like synthesis, forecasting, imputation, etc. However, offering limited coverage for generative models, existing time series libraries are mainly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Chenxi Wang , Xiaorong Wang , Peiyang Li , Yi Wang

The success of deep learning-based generative models in producing realistic images, videos, and audios has led to a crucial consideration: how to effectively assess the quality of synthetic samples. While the Fr\'{e}chet Inception Distance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Yang Chen , Dustin J. Kempton , Rafal A. Angryk

Deep generative models (DGMs) of images are now sufficiently mature that they produce nearly photorealistic samples and obtain scores similar to the data distribution on heuristics such as Frechet Inception Distance (FID). These results,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Suman Ravuri , Oriol Vinyals

Generative modeling of time series is a central challenge in time series analysis, particularly under data-scarce conditions. Despite recent advances in generative modeling, a comprehensive understanding of how state-of-the-art generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Tal Gonen , Itai Pemper , Ilan Naiman , Nimrod Berman , Omri Azencot

The widespread adoption of wearable sensors has the potential to provide massive and heterogeneous time series data, driving the use of Artificial Intelligence in human sensing applications. However, data collection remains limited due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Flavio Di Martino , Franca Delmastro

Advances in generative models increase the need for sample quality assessment. To do so, previous methods rely on a pre-trained feature extractor to embed the generated samples and real samples into a common space for comparison. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Jingyi Xu , Hieu Le , Dimitris Samaras

With success on controlled tasks, generative models are being increasingly applied to humanitarian applications [1,2]. In this paper, we focus on the evaluation of a conditional generative model that illustrates the consequences of climate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Sharon Zhou , Alexandra Luccioni , Gautier Cosne , Michael S. Bernstein , Yoshua Bengio

Recent advances in generative modeling have led to an increased interest in the study of statistical divergences as means of model comparison. Commonly used evaluation methods, such as the Frechet Inception Distance (FID), correlate well…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-30 Mehdi S. M. Sajjadi , Olivier Bachem , Mario Lucic , Olivier Bousquet , Sylvain Gelly

The machine learning community has mainly relied on real data to benchmark algorithms as it provides compelling evidence of model applicability. Evaluation on synthetic datasets can be a powerful tool to provide a better understanding of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Florence Regol , Anja Kroon , Mark Coates

Fr\'echet Inception Distance (FID), computed with an ImageNet pretrained Inception-v3 network, is widely used as a state-of-the-art evaluation metric for generative models. It assumes that feature vectors from Inception-v3 follow a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yuli Wu , Fucheng Liu , Rüveyda Yilmaz , Henning Konermann , Peter Walter , Johannes Stegmaier

Temporally indexed data are essential in a wide range of fields and of interest to machine learning researchers. Time series data, however, are often scarce or highly sensitive, which precludes the sharing of data between researchers and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Alexander Nikitin , Letizia Iannucci , Samuel Kaski

Generative models have revolutionized multiple domains, yet their application to tabular data remains underexplored. Evaluating generative models for tabular data presents unique challenges due to structural complexity, large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Dayananda Herurkar , Ahmad Ali , Andreas Dengel

In this work, we present some recommendations on the evaluation of state-of-the-art generative models for constrained generation tasks. The progress on generative models has been rapid in recent years. These large-scale models have had…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Vikas Raunak , Matt Post , Arul Menezes

Deep generative models are powerful tools that have produced impressive results in recent years. These advances have been for the most part empirically driven, making it essential that we use high quality evaluation metrics. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-22 Shane Barratt , Rishi Sharma

Synthetic Time Series Generation (TSG) is crucial in a range of applications, including data augmentation, anomaly detection, and privacy preservation. Although significant strides have been made in this field, existing methods exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Yihao Ang , Qiang Huang , Yifan Bao , Anthony K. H. Tung , Zhiyong Huang

Many real-world tasks are plagued by limitations on data: in some instances very little data is available and in others, data is protected by privacy enforcing regulations (e.g. GDPR). We consider limitations posed specifically on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Padmanaba Srinivasan , William J. Knottenbelt

Score-based generative models (SGMs) are generative models that are in the spotlight these days. Time-series frequently occurs in our daily life, e.g., stock data, climate data, and so on. Especially, time-series forecasting and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Haksoo Lim , Minjung Kim , Sewon Park , Noseong Park
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