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The algebraic dichotomy conjecture for Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs) of reducts of (infinite) finitely bounded homogeneous structures states that such CSPs are polynomial-time tractable when the model-complete core of the template…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Manuel Bodirsky , Antoine Mottet , Miroslav Olšák , Jakub Opršal , Michael Pinsker , Ross Willard

This paper focuses on the algebraic theory underlying the study of the complexity and the algorithms for the Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP). We unify, simplify, and extend parts of the three approaches that have been developed to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Libor Barto , Zarathustra Brady , Andrei Bulatov , Marcin Kozik , Dmitriy Zhuk

The Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) has been intensively studied in many areas of computer science and mathematics. The approach to the CSP based on tools from universal algebra turned out to be the most successful one to study the…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-01-16 Andrei A. Bulatov

The so-called algebraic approach to the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) has been a prevalent method of the study of complexity of these problems since early 2000's. The core of this approach is the notion of polymorphisms which…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Maximilian Hadek , Tomáš Jakl , Jakub Opršal

The algebraic approach to the Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) uses high order symmetries of relational structures -- polymorphisms -- to study the complexity of the CSP. In this paper we further develop one of the methods the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Andrei A. Bulatov

The algebraic dichotomy conjecture for Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs) of reducts of (infinite) finitely bounded homogeneous structures states that such CSPs are polynomial-time tractable if the model-complete core of the template…

Conservative constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) constitute an important particular case of the general CSP, in which the allowed values of each variable can be restricted in an arbitrary way. Problems of this type are well studied for…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-08-19 Andrei A. Bulatov

The role of polymorphisms in determining the complexity of constraint satisfaction problems is well established. In this context we study the stability of CSP complexity and polymorphism properties under some basic graph theoretic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-07-22 Marcel Jackson , Tomasz Kowalski , Todd Niven

The Algebraic Dichotomy Conjecture states that the Constraint Satisfaction Problem over a fixed template is solvable in polynomial time if the algebra of polymorphisms associated to the template lies in a Taylor variety, and is NP-complete…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Libor Barto , Marcin Kozik

The Promise Constraint Satisfaction Problem (PCSP for short) is a generalization of the well-studied Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP). The PCSP has its roots in such classic problems as the Approximate Graph Coloring and the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Arash Beikmohammadi , Andrei A. Bulatov

Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSP) constitute a convenient way to capture many combinatorial problems. The general CSP is known to be NP-complete, but its complexity depends on a template, usually a set of relations, upon which they are…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-11-23 Florian Richoux

Following the success of the so-called algebraic approach to the study of decision constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs), exact optimization of valued CSPs, and most recently promise CSPs, we propose an algebraic framework for valued…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Libor Barto , Silvia Butti , Alexandr Kazda , Caterina Viola , Stanislav Živný

We initiate a systematic study of the computational complexity of the Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) over finite structures that may contain both relations and operations. We show the close connection between this problem and a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Libor Barto , William DeMeo , Antoine Mottet

In the field of constraint satisfaction problems (CSP), promise CSPs are an exciting new direction of study. In a promise CSP, each constraint comes in two forms: "strict" and "weak," and in the associated decision problem one must…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Joshua Brakensiek , Venkatesan Guruswami , Marcin Wrochna , Stanislav Živný

It is well known that the constraint satisfaction problem over general relational structures can be reduced in polynomial time to digraphs. We present a simple variant of such a reduction and use it to show that the algebraic dichotomy…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-08-05 Jakub Bulin , Dejan Delic , Marcel Jackson , Todd Niven

The Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is a problem of computing a homomorphism $\mathbf{R}\to \mathbf{\Gamma}$ between two relational structures, where $\mathbf{R}$ is defined over a domain $V$ and $\mathbf{\Gamma}$ is defined over a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Rustem Takhanov

After substantial progress over the last 15 years, the "algebraic CSP-dichotomy conjecture" reduces to the following: every local constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) associated with a finite idempotent algebra is tractable if and only if…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Clifford Bergman , William DeMeo

What makes a computational problem easy (e.g., in P, that is, solvable in polynomial time) or hard (e.g., NP-hard)? This fundamental question now has a satisfactory answer for a quite broad class of computational problems, so called…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Libor Barto

Constraint satisfaction problems are computational problems that naturally appear in many areas of theoretical computer science. One of the central themes is their computational complexity, and in particular the border between…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Manuel Bodirsky

To any fixed, finite relational structure, $\mathbb{D}$, there is an associated decision problem, CSP$(\mathbb{D})$, which is a restricted version of the constraint satisfaction problem. In [8], the so called "algebraic approach" to the…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-14 Ian Payne
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