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Large language models (LLMs) excel in open domains but struggle in specialized settings with limited data and evolving knowledge. Existing domain adaptation practices rely heavily on manual trial-and-error processes, incur significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Sidharth Sinha , Anson Bastos , Xuchao Zhang , Akshay Nambi , Chetan Bansal , Saravan Rajmohan

Contextual embedding-based language models trained on large data sets, such as BERT and RoBERTa, provide strong performance across a wide range of tasks and are ubiquitous in modern NLP. It has been observed that fine-tuning these models on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Vin Sachidananda , Jason S. Kessler , Yi-an Lai

The success of deep learning has sparked interest in improving relational table tasks, like data preparation and search, with table representation models trained on large table corpora. Existing table corpora primarily contain tables…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Madelon Hulsebos , Çağatay Demiralp , Paul Groth

The performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) for translating Natural Language (NL) queries into SQL varies significantly across databases (DBs). NL queries are often expressed using a domain specific vocabulary, and mapping these to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Manasi Patwardhan , Ayush Agarwal , Shabbirhussain Bhaisaheb , Aseem Arora , Lovekesh Vig , Sunita Sarawagi

Large Language Models(LLMs) excel in general tasks but struggle in specialized domains like healthcare due to limited domain-specific knowledge.Supervised Fine-Tuning(SFT) data construction for domain adaptation often relies on heuristic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Hongxin Ding , Yue Fang , Runchuan Zhu , Xinke Jiang , Jinyang Zhang , Yongxin Xu , Xu Chu , Junfeng Zhao , Yasha Wang

Unsupervised domain adaptation leverages abundant labeled data from various source domains to generalize onto unlabeled target data. Prior research has primarily focused on learning domain-invariant features across the source and target…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Jie He , Wendi Zhou , Xiang Lorraine Li , Jeff Z. Pan

Multilingual domain adaptation (ML-DA) is widely used to learn new domain knowledge across languages into large language models (LLMs). Although many methods have been proposed to improve domain adaptation, the mechanisms of multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Xin Zhao , Naoki Yoshinaga , Yuma Tsuta , Akiko Aizawa

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) demonstrate excellent abilities to understand texts in the generic domain while struggling in a specific domain. Although continued pre-training on a large domain-specific corpus is effective, it is costly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Shizhe Diao , Tianyang Xu , Ruijia Xu , Jiawei Wang , Tong Zhang

This work presents AdditiveLLM2 a multi-modal, domain adapted large language model built upon the instruction tuned variant of the Gemma 3 model using a relatively small dataset of around 50 million tokens. The dataset (AdditiveLLM2-OA)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Peter Pak , Amir Barati Farimani

Recent improvement in large language model performance have, in all likelihood, been accompanied by improvement in how well they can approximate the distribution of their training data. In this work, we explore the following question: which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Da Ju , Hagen Blix , Adina Williams

This work connects language model adaptation with concepts of machine learning theory. We consider a training setup with a large out-of-domain set and a small in-domain set. We derive how the benefit of training a model on either set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-23 David Grangier , Dan Iter

Open-domain conversational systems are assumed to generate equally good responses on multiple domains. Previous work achieved good performance on the single corpus, but training and evaluating on multiple corpora from different domains are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Yujie Xing , Jinglun Cai , Nils Barlaug , Peng Liu , Jon Atle Gulla

We consider two problems of NMT domain adaptation using meta-learning. First, we want to reach domain robustness, i.e., we want to reach high quality on both domains seen in the training data and unseen domains. Second, we want our systems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Wen Lai , Jindřich Libovický , Alexander Fraser

This paper presents a high-quality multilingual dataset for the documentation domain to advance research on localization of structured text. Unlike widely-used datasets for translation of plain text, we collect XML-structured parallel text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Kazuma Hashimoto , Raffaella Buschiazzo , James Bradbury , Teresa Marshall , Richard Socher , Caiming Xiong

We introduce Konooz, a novel multi-dimensional corpus covering 16 Arabic dialects across 10 domains, resulting in 160 distinct corpora. The corpus comprises about 777k tokens, carefully collected and manually annotated with 21 entity types…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Nagham Hamad , Mohammed Khalilia , Mustafa Jarrar

This literature review gives an overview of current approaches to perform domain adaptation in a low-resource and approaches to perform multilingual semantic search in a low-resource setting. We developed a new typology to cluster domain…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Anna Bringmann , Anastasia Zhukova

Existing techniques to adapt semantic segmentation networks across the source and target domains within deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) deal with all the samples from the two domains in a global or category-aware manner. They do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Minsu Kim , Sunghun Joung , Seungryong Kim , JungIn Park , Ig-Jae Kim , Kwanghoon Sohn

Machine Translation (MT) and Quality Estimation (QE) perform well in general domains but degrade under domain mismatch. This dissertation studies how to adapt MT and QE systems to specialized domains through a set of data-focused…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Javad Pourmostafa Roshan Sharami

The rapid evolution of scientific fields introduces challenges in organizing and retrieving scientific literature. While expert-curated taxonomies have traditionally addressed this need, the process is time-consuming and expensive.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Priyanka Kargupta , Nan Zhang , Yunyi Zhang , Rui Zhang , Prasenjit Mitra , Jiawei Han

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in multimodal perception and understanding tasks. However, their effectiveness in specialized domains, such as remote sensing and medical imaging, remains limited.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Qinglong Cao , Yuntian Chen , Chao Ma , Xiaokang Yang