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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP achieve cross-modal semantic alignment through contrastive learning, exhibiting robust zero-shot generalization. Traditional prompt engineering, however, predominantly relies on coarse-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Leyan Xue , Zongbo Han , Guangyu Wang , Qinghua Hu , Mingyue Cheng , Changqing Zhang

Large-scale pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, establish the correlation between texts and images, achieving remarkable success on various downstream tasks with fine-tuning. In existing fine-tuning methods, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Yi Zhang , Ce Zhang , Yushun Tang , Zhihai He

Large-scale pre-trained models have demonstrated impressive performance in vision and language tasks within open-world scenarios. Due to the lack of comparable pre-trained models for 3D shapes, recent methods utilize language-image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Dan Song , Xinwei Fu , Ning Liu , Weizhi Nie , Wenhui Li , Lanjun Wang , You Yang , Anan Liu

Vehicle make and model recognition (VMMR) is an important task in intelligent transportation systems, but existing approaches struggle to adapt to newly released models. Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) provides strong…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Wei-Chia Chang , Yan-Ann Chen

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have rapidly advanced alongside Large Language Models (LLMs). This study evaluates the capabilities of prominent generative VLMs, such as GPT-4.1 and Gemini 2.5 Pro, accessed via APIs, for histopathology image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Samarth Singhal , Sandeep Singhal

Vision-language models enable open-world classification of objects without the need for any retraining. While this zero-shot paradigm marks a significant advance, even today's best models exhibit skewed performance when objects are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Mazda Moayeri , Michael Rabbat , Mark Ibrahim , Diane Bouchacourt

Recent works often assume that Vision-Language Model (VLM) representations are based on visual attributes like shape. However, it is unclear to what extent VLMs prioritize this information to represent concepts. We propose Extract and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Reza Esfandiarpoor , Cristina Menghini , Stephen H. Bach

Vision-language foundation models pretrained on large-scale data provide a powerful tool for many visual understanding tasks. Notably, many vision-language models build two encoders (visual and textual) that can map two modalities into the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Taihong Xiao , Zirui Wang , Liangliang Cao , Jiahui Yu , Shengyang Dai , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Open vocabulary models (e.g. CLIP) have shown strong performance on zero-shot classification through their ability generate embeddings for each class based on their (natural language) names. Prior work has focused on improving the accuracy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Zachary Novack , Julian McAuley , Zachary C. Lipton , Saurabh Garg

Most visual recognition studies rely heavily on crowd-labelled data in deep neural networks (DNNs) training, and they usually train a DNN for each single visual recognition task, leading to a laborious and time-consuming visual recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Jingyi Zhang , Jiaxing Huang , Sheng Jin , Shijian Lu

Contrastively-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have become the standard approach for learning discriminative vision-language representations. However, these models often exhibit shallow language understanding,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Ioanna Ntinou , Alexandros Xenos , Yassine Ouali , Adrian Bulat , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

Transductive zero-shot learning with vision-language models leverages image-image similarities within the dataset to achieve better classification accuracy compared to the inductive setting. However, there is little work that explores the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Oindrila Saha , Logan Lawrence , Grant Van Horn , Subhransu Maji

Existing vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP have showcased an impressive capability to generalize well across various downstream tasks. These models leverage the synergy between visual and textual information, enabling them to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Fangming Cui , Yonggang Zhang , Xuan Wang , Xule Wang , Liang Xiao

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have enabled significant progress in open vocabulary computer vision tasks such as image classification, object detection and image segmentation. Some recent works have focused on extending VLMs to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Rohit Gupta , Mamshad Nayeem Rizve , Jayakrishnan Unnikrishnan , Ashish Tawari , Son Tran , Mubarak Shah , Benjamin Yao , Trishul Chilimbi

Which multimodal model should we use for classification? Previous studies suggest that the answer lies in CLIP-like contrastive Vision-Language Models (VLMs), due to their remarkable performance in zero-shot classification. In contrast,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Marco Garosi , Matteo Farina , Alessandro Conti , Massimiliano Mancini , Elisa Ricci

Recognizing and disentangling visual attributes from objects is a foundation to many computer vision applications. While large vision language representations like CLIP had largely resolved the task of zero-shot object recognition,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-03 William Yicheng Zhu , Keren Ye , Junjie Ke , Jiahui Yu , Leonidas Guibas , Peyman Milanfar , Feng Yang

Retrained large language models (LLMs) have become extensively used across various sub-disciplines of natural language processing (NLP). In NLP, text classification problems have garnered considerable focus, but still faced with some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Zhiqiang Wang , Yiran Pang , Yanbin Lin

CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training) uses contrastive learning from noise image-text pairs to excel at recognizing a wide array of candidates, yet its focus on broad associations hinders the precision in distinguishing subtle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ziyu Liu , Zeyi Sun , Yuhang Zang , Wei Li , Pan Zhang , Xiaoyi Dong , Yuanjun Xiong , Dahua Lin , Jiaqi Wang

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) aims to recognize instances of unseen classes solely based on the semantic descriptions of the classes. Existing algorithms usually formulate it as a semantic-visual correspondence problem, by learning mappings from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Kai Li , Martin Renqiang Min , Yun Fu

Classifiers built upon vision-language models such as CLIP have shown remarkable zero-shot performance across a broad range of image classification tasks. Prior work has studied different ways of automatically creating descriptor sets for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Jan Hendrik Metzen , Piyapat Saranrittichai , Chaithanya Kumar Mummadi