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Facial forgery methods such as deepfakes can be misused for identity manipulation and spreading misinformation. They have evolved alongside advancements in generative AI, leading to new and more sophisticated forgery techniques that diverge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Nadarasar Bahavan , Sachith Seneviratne , Sanjay Saha , Ken Chen , Sanka Rasnayaka , Saman Halgamuge

Open-set action recognition is to reject unknown human action cases which are out of the distribution of the training set. Existing methods mainly focus on learning better uncertainty scores but dismiss the importance of feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Jun Cen , Shiwei Zhang , Xiang Wang , Yixuan Pei , Zhiwu Qing , Yingya Zhang , Qifeng Chen

In open-set recognition (OSR), a promising strategy is exploiting pseudo-unknown data outside given $K$ known classes as an additional $K$+$1$-th class to explicitly model potential open space. However, treating unknown classes without…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Chaohua Li , Enhao Zhang , Chuanxing Geng , SongCan Chen

Open-set recognition generalizes a classification task by classifying test samples as one of the known classes from training or "unknown." As novel cancer drug cocktails with improved treatment are continually discovered, predicting cancer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Alexander Cao , Diego Klabjan , Yuan Luo

Deep Neural Networks for classification behave unpredictably when confronted with inputs not stemming from the training distribution. This motivates out-of-distribution detection (OOD) mechanisms. The usual lack of prior information on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Konstantin Kirchheim , Tim Gonschorek , Frank Ortmeier

In open set recognition, a classifier has to detect unknown classes that are not known at training time. In order to recognize new categories, the classifier has to project the input samples of known classes in very compact and separated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Yunrui Guo , Guglielmo Camporese , Wenjing Yang , Alessandro Sperduti , Lamberto Ballan

With the of advent rich classification models and high computational power visual recognition systems have found many operational applications. Recognition in the real world poses multiple challenges that are not apparent in controlled lab…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-12-01 Abhijit Bendale , Terrance Boult

The classification of textual data often yields important information. Most classifiers work in a closed world setting where the classifier is trained on a known corpus, and then it is tested on unseen examples that belong to one of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Justin Leo , Jugal Kalita

One-Class Classification (OCC) is a special case of multi-class classification, where data observed during training is from a single positive class. The goal of OCC is to learn a representation and/or a classifier that enables recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Pramuditha Perera , Poojan Oza , Vishal M. Patel

The problem of open-set recognition is considered. While previous approaches only consider this problem in the context of large-scale classifier training, we seek a unified solution for this and the low-shot classification setting. It is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Bo Liu , Hao Kang , Haoxiang Li , Gang Hua , Nuno Vasconcelos

Open-set few-shot hyperspectral image (HSI) classification aims to classify image pixels by using few labeled pixels per class, where the pixels to be classified may be not all from the classes that have been seen. To address the open-set…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Chun Liu , Chen Zhang , Zhuo Li , Zheng Li , Wei Yang

Open set recognition (OSR), aiming to simultaneously classify the seen classes and identify the unseen classes as 'unknown', is essential for reliable machine learning.The key challenge of OSR is how to reduce the empirical classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-08 Guangyao Chen , Peixi Peng , Xiangqian Wang , Yonghong Tian

Real-world classification tasks are frequently required to work in an open-set setting. This is especially challenging for few-shot learning problems due to the small sample size for each known category, which prevents existing open-set…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Jedrzej Kozerawski , Matthew Turk

In most works on deep incremental learning research, it is assumed that novel samples are pre-identified for neural network retraining. However, practical deep classifiers often misidentify these samples, leading to erroneous predictions.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Jiawen Xu , Claas Grohnfeldt , Odej Kao

Reliable confidence estimation for deep neural classifiers is a challenging yet fundamental requirement in high-stakes applications. Unfortunately, modern deep neural networks are often overconfident for their erroneous predictions. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Fei Zhu , Zhen Cheng , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

Open-set domain generalization (OSDG) tackles the dual challenge of recognizing unknown classes while simultaneously striving to generalize across unseen domains without using target data during training. In this article, an OSDG framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Amirreza Khoshbakht , Erchan Aptoula

Few-shot Open-set Object Detection (FOOD) poses a challenge in many open-world scenarios. It aims to train an open-set detector to detect known objects while rejecting unknowns with scarce training samples. Existing FOOD methods are subject…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Zhaowei Wu , Binyi Su , Qichuan Geng , Hua Zhang , Zhong Zhou

Image set classification (ISC), which can be viewed as a task of comparing similarities between sets consisting of unordered heterogeneous images with variable quantities and qualities, has attracted growing research attention in recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Xizhan Gao , Wei Hu

In open-set semi-supervised learning (OSSL), we consider unlabeled datasets that may contain unknown classes. Existing OSSL methods often use the softmax confidence for classifying data as in-distribution (ID) or out-of-distribution (OOD).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Erik Wallin , Lennart Svensson , Fredrik Kahl , Lars Hammarstrand

Open-world deployment requires models to recognize both known categories and remain reliable when novel classes appear. We present a unified experimental study spanning open-set recognition (OSR) and few-shot class-incremental learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Ayush Vaibhav Bhatti , Deniz Karakay , Debottama Das , Nilotpal Rajbongshi , Yuito Sugimoto
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