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Although an ever-growing number of applications employ deep learning based systems for prediction, decision-making, or state estimation, almost no certification processes have been established that would allow such systems to be deployed in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Romeo Valentin

When a deep learning model is deployed in the wild, it can encounter test data drawn from distributions different from the training data distribution and suffer drop in performance. For safe deployment, it is essential to estimate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Jiefeng Chen , Frederick Liu , Besim Avci , Xi Wu , Yingyu Liang , Somesh Jha

Confidence estimation aims to quantify the confidence of the model prediction, providing an expectation of success. A well-calibrated confidence estimate enables accurate failure prediction and proper risk measurement when given noisy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Yu Lu , Jiali Zeng , Jiajun Zhang , Shuangzhi Wu , Mu Li

Machine learning plays an increasingly significant role in many aspects of our lives (including medicine, transportation, security, justice and other domains), making the potential consequences of false predictions increasingly devastating.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Yuval Bahat , Gregory Shakhnarovich

Proper confidence calibration of deep neural networks is essential for reliable predictions in safety-critical tasks. Miscalibration can lead to model over-confidence and/or under-confidence; i.e., the model's confidence in its prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Shuang Ao , Stefan Rueger , Advaith Siddharthan

Recent advances in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have predominantly focused on enhancing visual perception to improve accuracy. However, a critical question remains unexplored: Do models know when they do not know? Through a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yuetian Du , Yucheng Wang , Rongyu Zhang , Zhijie Xu , Boyu Yang , Ming Kong , Jie Liu , Qiang Zhu

As neural networks become more popular, the need for accompanying uncertainty estimates increases. There are currently two main approaches to test the quality of these estimates. Most methods output a density. They can be compared by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-05 Laurens Sluijterman , Eric Cator , Tom Heskes

Unsupervised transfer learning-based change detection methods exploit the feature extraction capability of pre-trained networks to distinguish changed pixels from the unchanged ones. However, their performance may vary significantly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-17 Sudipan Saha

The reliable measurement of confidence in classifiers' predictions is very important for many applications and is, therefore, an important part of classifier design. Yet, although deep learning has received tremendous attention in recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Amit Mandelbaum , Daphna Weinshall

The quality and correct functioning of software components embedded in electronic systems are of utmost concern especially for safety and mission-critical systems. Model-based testing and formal verification techniques can be employed to…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Shahbaz Ali , Hailong Sun , Yongwang Zhao

Transductive inference is an effective means of tackling the data deficiency problem in few-shot learning settings. A popular transductive inference technique for few-shot metric-based approaches, is to update the prototype of each class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Seong Min Kye , Hae Beom Lee , Hoirin Kim , Sung Ju Hwang

A key aspect of human cognition is metacognition - the ability to assess one's own knowledge and judgment reliability. While deep learning models can express confidence in their predictions, they often suffer from poor calibration, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Le Tuan Minh Trinh , Le Minh Vu Pham , Thi Minh Anh Pham , An Duc Nguyen

Despite the great success of state-of-the-art deep neural networks, several studies have reported models to be over-confident in predictions, indicating miscalibration. Label Smoothing has been proposed as a solution to the over-confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Shuang Ao , Stefan Rueger , Advaith Siddharthan

Reliable and robust evaluation methods are a necessary first step towards developing machine learning models that are themselves robust and reliable. Unfortunately, current evaluation protocols typically used to assess classifiers fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Michael W. Spratling

Confidence-aware learning is proven as an effective solution to prevent networks becoming overconfident. We present a confidence-aware camouflaged object detection framework using dynamic supervision to produce both accurate camouflage map…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Jiawei Liu , Jing Zhang , Nick Barnes

Recently, significant improvements have been achieved in various natural language processing tasks using neural sequence-to-sequence models. While aiming for the best generation quality is important, ultimately it is also necessary to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Jan Niehues , Ngoc-Quan Pham

Deep learning models frequently make incorrect predictions with high confidence when presented with test examples that are not well represented in their training dataset. We propose a novel and straightforward approach to estimate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Tiago Ramalho , Miguel Miranda

Despite the power of deep neural networks for a wide range of tasks, an overconfident prediction issue has limited their practical use in many safety-critical applications. Many recent works have been proposed to mitigate this issue, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Jooyoung Moon , Jihyo Kim , Younghak Shin , Sangheum Hwang

This paper presents a meta-learning based, automatic distribution system load forecasting model selection framework. The framework includes the following processes: feature extraction, candidate model labeling, offline training, and online…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-19 Yiyan Li , Si Zhang , Rongxing Hu , Ning Lu

Deep learning models are widely used across computer vision and other domains. When working on the model induction, selecting the right architecture for a given dataset often relies on repetitive trial-and-error procedures. This procedure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yen-Chia Chen , Hsing-Kuo Pao , Hanjuan Huang