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Consider a finite set of sources, each producing i.i.d. observations that follow a unique probability distribution on a finite alphabet. We study the problem of matching a finite set of observed sequences to the set of sources under the…
We consider a generic basic semi-algebraic subset $\mathcal{S}$ of the space of generalized functions, that is a set given by (not necessarily countably many) polynomial constraints. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for an…
The Glivenko--Cantelli theorem is a uniform version of the strong law of large numbers. It states that for every IID sequence of random variables, the empirical measure converges to the underlying distribution (in the sense of uniform…
Probability metrics constitute an important tool in probability theory and statistics \cite{DKS91}, \cite{R91}, \cite{Z83} as they are specific metrics on spaces of random variables which, by satisfying an extra condition, concord well with…
Let X(t) be a Gaussian random field R d $\rightarrow$ R. Using the notion of (d -- 1)-integral geometric measures, we establish a relation between (a) the volume of the level set (b) the number of crossings of the restriction of the random…
Robbins' problem of optimal stopping asks one to minimise the expected {\it rank} of observation chosen by some nonanticipating stopping rule. We settle a conjecture regarding the {\it value} of the stopped variable under the rule optimal…
Repeated sampling is a standard way to spend test-time compute, but its benefit is controlled by the latent distribution of correctness across examples, not by one-call accuracy alone. We study the binary correctness layer of repeated LLM…
Problems with uniform probabilities on an infinite support show up in contemporary cosmology. This paper focuses on the context of inflation theory, where it complicates the assignment of a probability measure over pocket universes. The…
We obtain quantitative Four Moments Theorems establishing convergence of the laws of elements of a Markov chaos to a Pearson distribution, where the only assumption we make on the Pearson distribution is that it admits four moments. While…
This is an elementary review, aimed at non-specialists, of results that have been obtained for the limiting distribution of eigenvalues and for the operator norms of real symmetric random matrices via the method of moments. This method goes…
Spectral properties of Gram matrices are central to high dimensional asymptotic analyses of statistical estimators in regression and covariance estimation. These properties, in turn, depend critically on the extreme singular values and…
The sub-Gaussian stable distribution is a heavy-tailed elliptically contoured law which has interesting applications in signal processing and financial mathematics. This work addresses the problem of feasible estimation of distributions. We…
We address the observability problem for ensembles that are described by probability distributions. The problem is to reconstruct a probability distribution of the initial state from the time-evolution of the probability distribution of the…
Ramachandran (1969, Theorem 8) has shown that for any univariate infinitely divisible distribution and any positive real number $\alpha$, an absolute moment of order $\alpha$ relative to the distribution exists (as a finite number) if and…
An equivalent condition for the product of elements of an independent random sample on a compact algebraic group converging in distribution to some random variable as the sample size increases is obtained. Namely, a limit distribution…
Assuming that a threshold Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process is observed at discrete time instants, we propose generalized moment estimators to estimate the parameters. Our theoretical basis is the celebrated ergodic theorem. To use this theorem we…
Let $\mathsf{A}=\{a_1,\dots,a_m\}$, $m\in\mathbb{N}$, be measurable functions on a measurable space $(\mathcal{X},\mathfrak{A})$. If $\mu$ is a positive measure on $(\mathcal{X},\mathfrak{A})$ such that $\int a_i d\mu<\infty$ for all $i$,…
We characterize the existence of the Lebesgue integrable solutions of the truncated problem of moments in several variables on unbounded supports by the existence of some maximum entropy -- type representing densities and discuss a few…
This short note concerns the possible singular behaviour of moment generating functions of finite measures at the boundary of their domain of existence. We look closer at Example 7.3 in O. Barndorff-Nielsen's book "Information and…
We first derive the recurisions for integer moments of two-type continuous-state branching processes in L\'{e}vy random environments. Result shows that the $n$th moment of the process is a polynomial of the initial value of the process with…