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This paper investigates the in-context learning abilities of the Whisper automatic speech recognition (ASR) models released by OpenAI. A novel speech-based in-context learning (SICL) approach is proposed for test-time adaptation, which can…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-21 Siyin Wang , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Ji Wu , Chao Zhang

In the present paper, an attempt is made to combine Mask-CTC and the triggered attention mechanism to construct a streaming end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) system that provides high performance with low latency. The triggered…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Huaibo Zhao , Yosuke Higuchi , Tetsuji Ogawa , Tetsunori Kobayashi

By incorporating additional contextual information, deep biasing methods have emerged as a promising solution for speech recognition of personalized words. However, for real-world voice assistants, always biasing on such personalized words…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Tianyi Xu , Zhanheng Yang , Kaixun Huang , Pengcheng Guo , Ao Zhang , Biao Li , Changru Chen , Chao Li , Lei Xie

Contextual biasing (CB) improves automatic speech recognition for rare and unseen phrases. Recent studies have introduced dynamic vocabulary, which represents context phrases as expandable tokens in autoregressive (AR) models. This method…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yui Sudo , Yosuke Fukumoto , Muhammad Shakeel , Yifan Peng , Chyi-Jiunn Lin , Shinji Watanabe

This paper presents LiteVSR2, an enhanced version of our previously introduced efficient approach to Visual Speech Recognition (VSR). Building upon our knowledge distillation framework from a pre-trained Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Hendrik Laux , Anke Schmeink

Semi-supervised learning has demonstrated promising results in automatic speech recognition (ASR) by self-training using a seed ASR model with pseudo-labels generated for unlabeled data. The effectiveness of this approach largely relies on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Niko Moritz , Takaaki Hori , Jonathan Le Roux

Learning transferable knowledge across similar but different settings is a fundamental component of generalized intelligence. In this paper, we approach the transfer learning challenge from a causal theory perspective. Our agent is endowed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Mark Edmonds , Xiaojian Ma , Siyuan Qi , Yixin Zhu , Hongjing Lu , Song-Chun Zhu

Deep learning approaches have been widely used in Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and they have achieved a significant accuracy improvement. Especially, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been revisited in ASR recently. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Yisen Wang , Xuejiao Deng , Songbai Pu , Zhiheng Huang

This paper presents the use of non-autoregressive (NAR) approaches for joint automatic speech recognition (ASR) and spoken language understanding (SLU) tasks. The proposed NAR systems employ a Conformer encoder that applies connectionist…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-24 Mohan Li , Rama Doddipatla

This paper presents BERT-CTC, a novel formulation of end-to-end speech recognition that adapts BERT for connectionist temporal classification (CTC). Our formulation relaxes the conditional independence assumptions used in conventional CTC…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-21 Yosuke Higuchi , Brian Yan , Siddhant Arora , Tetsuji Ogawa , Tetsunori Kobayashi , Shinji Watanabe

Transformer encoder with connectionist temporal classification (CTC) framework is widely used for automatic speech recognition (ASR). However, knowledge distillation (KD) for ASR displays a problem of disagreement between teacher-student…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-13 Eungbeom Kim , Hantae Kim , Kyogu Lee

Attention-based methods and Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) network have been promising research directions for end-to-end (E2E) Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). The joint CTC/Attention model has achieved great success by…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-22 Ruizhi Li , Xiaofei Wang , Sri Harish Mallidi , Shinji Watanabe , Takaaki Hori , Hynek Hermansky

Sequential audio event tagging can provide not only the type information of audio events, but also the order information between events and the number of events that occur in an audio clip. Most previous works on audio event sequence…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Yuanbo Hou , Zhaoyi Liu , Bo Kang , Yun Wang , Dick Botteldooren

Rare word recognition can be improved by adapting ASR models to synthetic data that includes these words. Further improvements can be achieved through contextual biasing, which trains and adds a biasing module into the model architecture to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Chin Yuen Kwok , Jia Qi Yip , Eng Siong Chng

Answer Sentence Selection (AS2) is a core component for building an accurate Question Answering pipeline. AS2 models rank a set of candidate sentences based on how likely they answer a given question. The state of the art in AS2 exploits…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Luca Di Liello , Siddhant Garg , Alessandro Moschitti

Streaming automatic speech recognition (ASR) is very important for many real-world ASR applications. However, a notable challenge for streaming ASR systems lies in balancing operational performance against latency constraint. Recently, a…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Wenbo Zhao , Ziwei Li , Chuan Yu , Zhijian Ou

Modern non-autoregressive~(NAR) speech recognition systems aim to accelerate the inference speed; however, they suffer from performance degradation compared with autoregressive~(AR) models as well as the huge model size issue. We propose a…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Xun Gong , Zhikai Zhou , Yanmin Qian

The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) is designed to assess generalization beyond pattern matching, requiring models to infer symbolic rules from very few examples. In this work, we present a transformer-based system that advances ARC…

Building inclusive speech recognition systems is a crucial step towards developing technologies that speakers of all language varieties can use. Therefore, ASR systems must work for everybody independently of the way they speak. To…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-18 Alëna Aksënova , Zhehuai Chen , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Daan van Esch , Pavel Golik , Wei Han , Levi King , Bhuvana Ramabhadran , Andrew Rosenberg , Suzan Schwartz , Gary Wang

Recent advances in unsupervised representation learning have demonstrated the impact of pretraining on large amounts of read speech. We adapt these techniques for domain adaptation in low-resource -- both in terms of data and compute --…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Chak-Fai Li , Francis Keith , William Hartmann , Matthew Snover