Related papers: Implications of Clinical Target Distribution Weigh…
The long-term efficacy of targeted therapeutics for cancer treatment can be significantly limited by the type of therapy and development of drug resistance, inter alia. Experimental studies indicate that the factors enhancing acquisition of…
Spatiotemporal fractionation schemes, that is, treatments delivering different dose distributions in different fractions, may lower treatment side effects without compromising tumor control. This is achieved by hypofractionating parts of…
Clinical target volume (CTV) delineation from radiotherapy computed tomography (RTCT) images is used to define the treatment areas containing the gross tumor volume (GTV) and/or sub-clinical malignant disease for radiotherapy (RT). High…
With the advancement of treatment modalities in radiation therapy for cancer patients, outcomes have improved, but at the cost of increased treatment plan complexity and planning time. The accurate prediction of dose distributions would…
The primary objective of phase I cancer clinical trials is to evaluate the safety of a new experimental treatment and to find the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). We show that the MTD estimation problem can be regarded as a level set…
The primary goal of dose allocation in phase I trials is to minimize patient exposure to subtherapeutic or excessively toxic doses, while accurately recommending a phase II dose that is as close as possible to the maximum tolerated dose…
The majority of cancer-related fatalities are due to metastatic disease. In chemoradiotherapy, chemotherapeutic agents are administered along with radiation to increase damage to the primary tumor and control systemic disease such as…
The primary objective of Phase I oncology trials is to assess the safety and tolerability of novel therapeutics. Conventional dose escalation methods identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) based on dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). However,…
Chemotherapy is one of the primary modalities of cancer treatment. Chemotherapy drug administration is a complex problem that often requires expensive clinical trials to evaluate potential regimens. One way to alleviate this burden and…
Today, intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is one of the methods used to treat brain tumors. In conventional treatment planning methods, after identifying planning target volume (PTV), and organs at risk (OARs), and determining the…
CT scans are the standard-of-care for many clinical ailments, and are needed for treatments like external beam radiotherapy. Unfortunately, CT scanners are rare in low and mid-resource settings due to their costs. Planar X-ray radiography…
Controlled drug delivery (CDD), the controlled release and delivery of therapeutic drugs inside the human body, is a promising approach to increase the efficacy of drug administration and reduce harmful side effects to the body. CDD has…
In a tie-breaker design (TBD), subjects with high values of a running variable are given some (usually desirable) treatment, subjects with low values are not, and subjects in the middle are randomized. TBDs are intermediate between…
Introduction: Intra-organ radiation dose sensitivity is becoming increasingly relevant in clinical radiotherapy. One method for assessment involves partitioning delineated regions of interest and comparing the relative contributions or…
Conventional planning objectives in optimization of intensity-modulated radiotherapy treatment (IMRT) plans are designed to minimize the violation of dose-volume histogram (DVH) thresholds using penalty functions. Although successful in…
Due to its wide field of view, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is plagued by large amounts of scatter, where attenuated photons hit the detector, and corrupt the linear models used for reconstruction. Given that one can generate a good…
Glioblastoma, the most aggressive primary brain tumor, poses a severe clinical challenge due to its diffuse microscopic infiltration, which remains largely undetected on standard MRI. As a result, current radiotherapy planning employs a…
Geometric uncertainty can degrade treatment quality in radiation therapy. While margins and robust optimization mitigate these effects, they provide only implicit control over clinical goal fulfillment probability. We therefore develop a…
To compare the dosimetrical differences between plans generated by helical tomotherapy using 2D or 3D margining technique in in prostate cancer. Ten prostate cancer patients were included in this study. For 2D plans, planning target volume…
Computed Tomography (CT) measures the attenuation coefficient of an object and converts the value assigned to each voxel into a CT number. In radiation therapy, CT number, which is directly proportional to the linear attenuation…