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We consider a random permutation drawn from the set of permutations of length $n$ that avoid some given set of patterns of length 3. We show that the number of occurrences of another pattern $\sigma$ has a limit distribution, after suitable…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-04-18 Svante Janson

Permutons are probability measures on the unit square with uniform marginals that provide a natural way to describe limits of permutations. We are interested in the permuton limits for permutations sampled uniformly from certain…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Kaitlyn Hohmeier , Erik Slivken

Given a permutation $\pi$, let $\text{Av}_n(\pi)$ be the number of permutations of length $n$ that avoid $\pi$ as a subpermutation. The celebrated resolution of the Stanley-Wilf conjecture by Marcus and Tardos confirmed that the limit…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Saksham Sethi , Fan Wei

The classical Poisson theorem says that if $\xi_1,\xi_2,...$ are i.i.d. 0--1 Bernoulli random variables taking on 1 with probability $p_n\equiv \la/n$ then the sum $S_n=\sum_{i=1}^n\xi_i$ is asymptotically in $n$ Poisson distributed with…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-10-11 Yuri Kifer

We study random uniform permutations in an important class of pattern-avoiding permutations: the separable permutations. We describe the asymptotics of the number of occurrences of any fixed given pattern in such a random permutation in…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-10-18 Frédérique Bassino , Mathilde Bouvel , Valentin Féray , Lucas Gerin , Adeline Pierrot

We define a class L_{n, k} of permutations that generalizes alternating (up-down) permutations and give bijective proofs of certain pattern-avoidance results for this class. As a special case of our results, we give two bijections between…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-13 Joel Brewster Lewis

We study the number of 231-avoiding permutations with $j$-descents and maximum drop is less than or equal to $k$ which we denote by $a_{n,231,j}^{(k)}$. We show that $a_{n,231,j}^{(k)}$ also counts the number of Dyck paths of length $2n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-08-07 Matthew Hyatt , Jeffrey Remmel

We study the iteration of the process "a particle jumps to the right" in permutations. We prove that the set of permutations obtained in this model after a given number of iterations from the identity is a class of pattern avoiding…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Cyril Banderier , Jean-Luc Baril , Céline Moreira Dos Santos

For d at least two and integer n, let c_n = c_n(d) denote the number of length n self-avoiding walks beginning at the origin in the integer lattice Z^d, and, for even n, let p_n = p_n(d) denote the number of length n self-avoiding polygons…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-02-09 Alan Hammond

We prove a central limit theorem for the length of the longest subsequence of a random permutation which follows one of a class of repeating patterns. This class includes every fixed pattern of ups and downs having at least one of each,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-25 Aaron Abrams , Eric Babson , Henry Landau , Zeph Landau , James Pommersheim

Let $S_{\rm lcm}(n)$ denote the set of permutations $\pi$ of $[n]=\{1,2,\dots,n\}$ such that ${\rm lcm}[j,\pi(j)]\le n$ for each $j\in[n]$. Further, let $S_{\rm div}(n)$ denote the number of permutations $\pi$ of $[n]$ such that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-07 Carl Pomerance

An alternating permutation of length $n$ is a permutation $\pi=\pi_1 \pi_2 ... \pi_n$ such that $\pi_1 < \pi_2 > \pi_3 < \pi_4 > ...$. Let $A_n$ denote set of alternating permutations of ${1,2,..., n}$, and let $A_n(\sigma)$ be set of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-12-13 Joanna N. Chen , William Y. C. Chen , Robin D. P. Zhou

Let $S_n$ denote the set of permutations of $[n]:=\{1,\cdots, n\}$, and denote a permutation $\sigma\in S_n$ by $\sigma=\sigma_1\sigma_2\cdots \sigma_n$. For $l\ge2$ an integer, let $A^{(n)}_{l;k}\subset S_n$ denote the event that the set…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-26 Ross G. Pinsky

The number of 123-avoiding permutation on $\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$ with a fixed leading terms is counted by the ballot numbers. The same holds for $132$-avoiding permutations. These results were proved by Miner and Pak using the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Ömer Eğecioğlu , Collier Gaiser , Mei Yin

In [12], Nilsson proposed the probabilistic logic in which the truth values of logical propositions are probability values between 0 and 1. It is applicable to any logical system for which the consistency of a finite set of propositions can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-12 Su-shing Chen

We provide a simple injective proof that the number of 132-avoiding permutations with a unique longest increasing subsequence is at least as large as the number of 132-avoiding permutations without a unique longest increasing subsequence.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-07 Nicholas Van Nimwegen

In this paper, we consider pattern avoidance in a subset of words on $\{1,1,2,2,\dots,n,n\}$ called reverse double lists. In particular a reverse double list is a word formed by concatenating a permutation with its reversal. We enumerate…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Monica Anderson , Marika Diepenbroek , Lara Pudwell , Alex Stoll

For many standard models of random structure, first-order logic sentences exhibit a convergence phenomenon on random inputs. The most well-known example is for random graphs with constant edge probability, where the probabilities of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Sam Adam-Day , Michael Benedikt , Alberto Larrauri

Recall that an excedance of a permutation $\pi$ is any position $i$ such that $\pi_i > i$. Inspired by the work of Hopkins, McConville and Propp (Elec. J. Comb., 2017) on sorting using toppling, we say that a permutation is toppleable if it…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-05 Arvind Ayyer , Daniel Hathcock , Prasad Tetali

We show a $n^2 \cdot 2^{n/2}$ upper bound on the number of $(132,213)$ avoiding cyclic permutations. This is the first nontrivial upper bound on the number of such permutations. We also construct an algorithm to determine whether a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-14 Brice Huang