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Related papers: SRF Cavity Emulator for PIP-II LLRF Lab and Field …

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The goal of a LLRF system is to control an actual RF cavity with beam. While digital simulations have a place, having an analog circuit to stand in for the cavity can be tremendously helpful in validating hardware+firmware+software under…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2022-10-18 Shreeharshini Dharanesh Murthy , Lawrence Doolittle , Andrew Benwell

The PIP-II linac is an international collaboration project with in kind contributions of key subsystems from multiple countries including India (DAE). In the research and development phase of the project, the LLRF and resonance control…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 R. Nasery , P. Varghese , S. Raman , M. Guran , L. Reyes , A. Agashe

PIP-II is an 800 MEV superconducting linac that is in the initial acceleration chain for the Fermilab accelerator complex. The RF system consists of a warm front-end with an ion source, RFQ and buncher cavities along with 25 superconducting…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2023-11-13 P. Varghese , B. Chase , E. Cullerton , S. Raman , S. Ahmed , P. Hanlet , D. Klepec

PIP-II is a superconducting linac that is in the initial acceleration chain for the Fermilab accelerator complex. The RF system consists of a warm front-end with an RFQ and buncher cavities along with 25 superconducting cryo-modules…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 P. Varghese , S. Raman , M. Guran , L. Reyes , L. Doolittle , Q. Du , S. Murthy

The PIP-II linac will include thirty-six beta=0.61 and twenty-four beta=0.92 650 MHz 5 cell elliptical SRF cavities. Each cavity will be equipped with a tuning system consisting of a double lever slow tuner for coarse frequency tuning and a…

The phase averaging reference line system provides the RF phase reference, LO and clock signals to the LLRF and other accelerator sub-systems. The PIP-II linac has RF systems at three frequencies - 162.5 MHz, 325 MHz and 650 MHz. A…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 A. Syed , B. Vaughn , P. Varghese , E. Cullerton , S. Stevenson , D. Pieper , D. Peterson , J. Holzbauer , R. Madrak , A. Mosher , D. Klepec

The PIP-II accelerator is a proposed upgrade to the Fermilab accelerator complex that will replace the existing, 400 MeV room temperature LINAC with an 800 MeV superconducting LINAC. Part of this upgrade includes a new injection scheme into…

Superconducting Radio-Frequency (SRF) cavities operating in continuous wave (CW) mode and with low beam loading are devices characterized by a high loaded quality factor, in the order of 10^7, and narrow bandwidth, in the order of 10 Hz.…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2019-11-14 Jorge Alberto Diaz Cruz , Sandra Biedron , Manel Martinez-Ramon , Salvador Sosa , Reza Pirayesh

The higher efficiency of superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities compared to normal-conducting ones enables the development of high-energy continuous-wave linear accelerators (linacs). Recent progress in the development of…

A 52MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) linear accelerator (linac) is designed to serve as an initial structure for the SSC-linac system (injector into Separated Sector Cyclotron). The designed injection and output energy are 3.5 keV/u and…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Xiao Chen , He Yuan , Yuan You-Jin , Liu Yong , Xia Jia-Wen , Lu Yuan-Rong , Yuri Batygin

The LCLS-II HE superconducting linac can produce multi-energy beams by supporting multiple undulator lines simultaneously. This could be achieved by using the cavity SRF tuner in the off-frequency detune mode. This off-frequency operation…

The PEP-II B Factory Low-Level RF System (LLRF) is a fully programmable VXI based design running under an EPICS control environment. Several RF feedback loops are used to control longitudinal coupled-bunch modes driven by the accelerating…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Corredoura , S. Allison , W. Ross , R. Sass , R. Tighe

Field emission (FE) remains a significant hurdle for achieving optimal performance and reliability in super-conducting radiofrequency (SRF) cavities used in accelerator cryomodules. A thorough understanding of the generation and propagation…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 S. A. K. Wijethunga , A. Sukhanov , O. Napoly , K. McGee

The LLRF of five of TRIUMF's ISAC-1 accelerator cavities have been replaced by 3 similar FPGA based system with different operating frequencies. These LLRF use internal digital phase locked loops for frequency generation and…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2023-10-23 K. Fong , X. Fu , Q. W. Zheng , T. Au , R. Leewe , TRIUMF , V6T2A3 , Vancouver , Canada

The ISIS synchrotron at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK now routinely uses a dual harmonic RF system to accelerate beam currents in excess of 230uA to run two target stations simultaneously. The acceleration in the ISIS…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2019-10-17 Andrew Seville , David B. Allen , Ian S. K. Gardner , Robert J. Mathieson

A 325 MHz aluminum prototype of a spatially periodic rf quadrupole focusing linac was developed at the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, as a promising candidate for the front end of a high-current linac. It consists…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2021-01-18 Peiyan Yu , Bin Zhang , Fengfeng Wang , Chenxing Li , Guozhen Sun , Zhijun Wang , Lubei Liu , Chenzhang Yuan , Yuan He , Hushan Xu

IJCLab has been leading the development and deployment of low-$\beta$ Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) cavities for proton and heavy ion accelerators. We are launching an electron accelerator project for sustainable Energy Recovery…

The RF part of the new high current injector-linac HSI consists of five cavities with the new operating frequency of 36 MHz instead of 27 MHz of the removed Wideroe type injector. The calculated power requirements of the cavities including…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Hutter , W. Gutowski , W. Hartmann , G. Kube , M. Pilz , W. Vinzenz

High-beta superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) elliptical cavities are being developed for several accelerator projects including Project X, the European XFEL, and the International Linear Collider (ILC). Fermilab has recently established…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2009-10-23 C. M. Ginsburg

A CW-compatible, pulsed H- superconducting linac "PIP-II" is being planned to upgrade Fermilab's injection complex. To validate the front-end concept, a test accelerator (The PIP-II Injector Test, formerly known as "PXIE") is under…

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