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Recent multilingual pretrained language models (mPLMs) have been shown to encode strong language-specific signals, which are not explicitly provided during pretraining. It remains an open question whether it is feasible to employ mPLMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Peiqin Lin , Chengzhi Hu , Zheyu Zhang , André F. T. Martins , Hinrich Schütze

Most current large language models (LLMs) support a wide variety of languages in addition to English, including high-resource languages (e.g. German, Chinese, French), as well as low-resource ones (e.g. Swahili, Telugu). In addition they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Jan-Thorsten Peter , David Vilar , Tobias Domhan , Dan Malkin , Markus Freitag

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained large popularity among Natural Language Processing (NLP) researchers and practitioners. These models, trained on huge datasets, show proficiency across various languages and demonstrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Daniil Gurgurov , Tanja Bäumel , Tatiana Anikina

Historically, researchers and consumers have noticed a decrease in quality when applying NLP tools to minority variants of languages (i.e. Puerto Rican Spanish or Swiss German), but studies exploring this have been limited to a select few…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Anjali Kantharuban , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen

Low-resource languages, such as Baltic languages, benefit from Large Multilingual Models (LMs) that possess remarkable cross-lingual transfer performance capabilities. This work is an interpretation and analysis study into cross-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Maksym Del , Mark Fishel

Multilingual machine translation systems aim to make knowledge accessible across languages, yet learning effective cross-lingual representations remains challenging. These challenges are especially pronounced for low-resource languages,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 David Stap

Large language models (LLMs) offer promise in generating educational content, providing instructor feedback, and reducing teacher workload on assessments. While prior studies have focused on studying LLM-powered learning analytics, limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Anand Syamkumar , Nora Tseng , Kaycie Barron , Shanglin Yang , Shamya Karumbaiah , Rheeya Uppal , Junjie Hu

In this paper, we show that Multilingual BERT (M-BERT), released by Devlin et al. (2018) as a single language model pre-trained from monolingual corpora in 104 languages, is surprisingly good at zero-shot cross-lingual model transfer, in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Telmo Pires , Eva Schlinger , Dan Garrette

Multilingual Language Models offer a way to incorporate multiple languages in one model and utilize cross-language transfer learning to improve performance for different Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Despite progress in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Hellina Hailu Nigatu , Atnafu Lambebo Tonja , Jugal Kalita

Multilingual sentence encoders are widely used to transfer NLP models across languages. The success of this transfer is, however, dependent on the model's ability to encode the patterns of cross-lingual similarity and variation. Yet, little…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Rochelle Choenni , Ekaterina Shutova

Given the impact of language models on the field of Natural Language Processing, a number of Spanish encoder-only masked language models (aka BERTs) have been trained and released. These models were developed either within large projects…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Rodrigo Agerri , Eneko Agirre

Providing better language tools for low-resource and endangered languages is imperative for equitable growth. Recent progress with massively multilingual pretrained models has proven surprisingly effective at performing zero-shot transfer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Louis Clouâtre , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Amal Zouaq , Sarath Chandar

This paper presents M3L-Contrast -- a novel multimodal multilingual (M3L) neural topic model for comparable data that maps texts from multiple languages and images into a shared topic space. Our model is trained jointly on texts and images…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Elaine Zosa , Lidia Pivovarova

Pretrained multilingual models (PMMs) enable zero-shot learning via cross-lingual transfer, performing best for languages seen during pretraining. While methods exist to improve performance for unseen languages, they have almost exclusively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Abteen Ebrahimi , Katharina Kann

BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) and ALBERT (A Lite BERT) are methods for pre-training language models which can later be fine-tuned for a variety of Natural Language Understanding tasks. These methods have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Diego de Vargas Feijo , Viviane Pereira Moreira

Large language models (LLMs) are typically multilingual due to pretraining on diverse multilingual corpora. But can these models relate corresponding concepts across languages, i.e., be crosslingual? This study evaluates state-of-the-art…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Lynn Chua , Badih Ghazi , Yangsibo Huang , Pritish Kamath , Ravi Kumar , Pasin Manurangsi , Amer Sinha , Chulin Xie , Chiyuan Zhang

Multilingual generative models obtain remarkable cross-lingual in-context learning capabilities through pre-training on large-scale corpora. However, they still exhibit a performance bias toward high-resource languages and learn isolated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Chong Li , Shaonan Wang , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Many pretrained multilingual models exhibit cross-lingual transfer ability, which is often attributed to a learned language-neutral representation during pretraining. However, it remains unclear what factors contribute to the learning of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Tianze Hua , Tian Yun , Ellie Pavlick

Massively Multilingual Language Models (MMLMs) have recently gained popularity due to their surprising effectiveness in cross-lingual transfer. While there has been much work in evaluating these models for their performance on a variety of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Kabir Ahuja , Sunayana Sitaram , Sandipan Dandapat , Monojit Choudhury

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) are typically trained on vast corpora of image-text data but are often limited in linguistic coverage, leading to biased and unfair outputs across languages. While prior work has explored multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Ananya Raval , Aravind Narayanan , Vahid Reza Khazaie , Shaina Raza