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Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) based end-to-end speech recognition system usually need to incorporate an external language model by using WFST-based decoding in order to achieve promising results. This is more essential to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-04-24 Shiliang Zhang , Ming Lei , Zhijie Yan

Speech-to-text translation (ST), which translates source language speech into target language text, has attracted intensive attention in recent years. Compared to the traditional pipeline system, the end-to-end ST model has potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Yuchen Liu , Jiajun Zhang , Hao Xiong , Long Zhou , Zhongjun He , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang , Chengqing Zong

Self-attention is a method of encoding sequences of vectors by relating these vectors to each-other based on pairwise similarities. These models have recently shown promising results for modeling discrete sequences, but they are non-trivial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Matthias Sperber , Jan Niehues , Graham Neubig , Sebastian Stüker , Alex Waibel

The segmentation-free research efforts for addressing handwritten text recognition can be divided into three categories: connectionist temporal classification (CTC), hidden Markov model and encoder-decoder methods. In this paper, inspired…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Zi-Rui Wang

Attribute recognition has become crucial because of its wide applications in many computer vision tasks, such as person re-identification. Like many object recognition problems, variations in viewpoints, illumination, and recognition at far…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-28 Hao Liu , Jingjing Wu , Jianguo Jiang , Meibin Qi , Bo Ren

This paper proposes a unified framework, All-in-One ASR, that allows a single model to support multiple automatic speech recognition (ASR) paradigms, including connectionist temporal classification (CTC), attention-based encoder-decoder…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-15 Takafumi Moriya , Masato Mimura , Tomohiro Tanaka , Hiroshi Sato , Ryo Masumura , Atsunori Ogawa

The two most popular loss functions for streaming end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) are RNN-Transducer (RNN-T) and connectionist temporal classification (CTC). Between these two loss types we can classify the monotonic RNN-T…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-25 Niko Moritz , Frank Seide , Duc Le , Jay Mahadeokar , Christian Fuegen

Multi-talker speech recognition (MTASR) faces unique challenges in disentangling and transcribing overlapping speech. To address these challenges, this paper investigates the role of Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) in speaker…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-06 Jiawen Kang , Lingwei Meng , Mingyu Cui , Yuejiao Wang , Xixin Wu , Xunying Liu , Helen Meng

We report an extension of a Keras Model, called CTCModel, to perform the Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) in a transparent way. Combined with Recurrent Neural Networks, the Connectionist Temporal Classification is the reference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-24 Yann Soullard , Cyprien Ruffino , Thierry Paquet

In recent years, scene text recognition is always regarded as a sequence-to-sequence problem. Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) and Attentional sequence recognition (Attn) are two very prevailing approaches to tackle this problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Qi Song , Qianyi Jiang , Nan Li , Rui Zhang , Xiaolin Wei

The rapid development of neural text-to-speech (TTS) systems enabled its usage in other areas of natural language processing such as automatic speech recognition (ASR) or spoken language translation (SLT). Due to the large number of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Nick Rossenbach , Ralf Schlüter , Sakriani Sakti

While the self-attention mechanism has been widely used in a wide variety of tasks, it has the unfortunate property of a quadratic cost with respect to the input length, which makes it difficult to deal with long inputs. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-30 Xiaoya Li , Yuxian Meng , Mingxin Zhou , Qinghong Han , Fei Wu , Jiwei Li

Siamese networks have shown effective results in unsupervised visual representation learning. These models are designed to learn an invariant representation of two augmentations for one input by maximizing their similarity. In this paper,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-23 Yingying Gao , Junlan Feng , Tianrui Wang , Chao Deng , Shilei Zhang

This paper proposes a novel automatic speech recognition (ASR) framework called Integrated Source-Channel and Attention (ISCA) that combines the advantages of traditional systems based on the noisy source-channel model (SC) and end-to-end…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-02 Qiujia Li , Chao Zhang , Philip C. Woodland

Connectionist temporal classification (CTC)-based scene text recognition (STR) methods, e.g., SVTR, are widely employed in OCR applications, mainly due to their simple architecture, which only contains a visual model and a CTC-aligned…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Yongkun Du , Zhineng Chen , Hongtao Xie , Caiyan Jia , Yu-Gang Jiang

The CTC-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) models without the external language model usually lack the capacity to model conditional dependencies and textual interactions. In this paper, we present a Gated Interlayer Collaboration…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Yuting Yang , Yuke Li , Binbin Du

CTC compressor can be an effective approach to integrate audio encoders to decoder-only models, which has gained growing interest for different speech applications. In this work, we propose a novel CTC compressor based joint speech and text…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-03 Wei Zhou , Junteng Jia , Leda Sari , Jay Mahadeokar , Ozlem Kalinli

Contextual ASR or hotword customization holds substantial practical value. Despite the impressive performance of current end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, they often face challenges in accurately recognizing rare…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-12 Guanrou Yang , Ziyang Ma , Zhifu Gao , Shiliang Zhang , Xie Chen

Non-autoregressive (NAR) transformer models have achieved significantly inference speedup but at the cost of inferior accuracy compared to autoregressive (AR) models in automatic speech recognition (ASR). Most of the NAR transformers take a…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Xingchen Song , Zhiyong Wu , Yiheng Huang , Chao Weng , Dan Su , Helen Meng

The mismatch of speech length and text length poses a challenge in automatic speech recognition (ASR). In previous research, various approaches have been employed to align text with speech, including the utilization of Connectionist…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Peng Fan , Wenping Wang , Fei Deng