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In long structured document retrieval, existing methods typically fine-tune pre-trained language models (PLMs) using contrastive learning on datasets lacking explicit structural information. This practice suffers from two critical issues:…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Xinhao Huang , Zhibo Ren , Yipeng Yu , Ying Zhou , Zulong Chen , Zeyi Wen

Legal case retrieval (LCR) is a specialised information retrieval task aimed at identifying relevant cases given a query case. LCR holds pivotal significance in facilitating legal practitioners to locate legal precedents. Existing LCR…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yanran Tang , Ruihong Qiu , Yilun Liu , Xue Li , Zi Huang

Legal case retrieval (LCR) aims to automatically scour for comparable legal cases based on a given query, which is crucial for offering relevant precedents to support the judgment in intelligent legal systems. Due to similar goals, it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Nuo Xu , Pinghui Wang , Zi Liang , Junzhou Zhao , Xiaohong Guan

Given the fact description text of a legal case, legal judgment prediction (LJP) aims to predict the case's charge, law article and penalty term. A core problem of LJP is how to distinguish confusing legal cases, where only subtle text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Leilei Gan , Baokui Li , Kun Kuang , Yating Zhang , Lei Wang , Luu Anh Tuan , Yi Yang , Fei Wu

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced their capacity to process long contexts. However, effectively utilizing this long context remains a challenge due to the issue of distraction, where irrelevant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Zijun Wu , Bingyuan Liu , Ran Yan , Lei Chen , Thomas Delteil

Contrastive learning is an approach to representation learning that utilizes naturally occurring similar and dissimilar pairs of data points to find useful embeddings of data. In the context of document classification under topic modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Christopher Tosh , Akshay Krishnamurthy , Daniel Hsu

Determining which legal cases are relevant to a given query involves navigating lengthy texts and applying nuanced legal reasoning. Traditionally, this task has demanded significant time and domain expertise to identify key Legal Facts and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Shengjie Ma , Qi Chu , Jiaxin Mao , Xuhui Jiang , Haozhe Duan , Chong Chen

Legal case retrieval for sourcing similar cases is critical in upholding judicial fairness. Different from general web search, legal case retrieval involves processing lengthy, complex, and highly specialized legal documents. Existing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Chenlong Deng , Kelong Mao , Zhicheng Dou

Legal Case Retrieval (LCR), which retrieves relevant cases from a query case, is a fundamental task for legal professionals in research and decision-making. However, existing studies on LCR face two major limitations. First, they are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Chaeeun Kim , Jinu Lee , Wonseok Hwang

Legal retrieval techniques play an important role in preserving the fairness and equality of the judicial system. As an annually well-known international competition, COLIEE aims to advance the development of state-of-the-art retrieval…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Haitao Li , You Chen , Zhekai Ge , Qingyao Ai , Yiqun Liu , Quan Zhou , Shuai Huo

Contrastive learning is a discriminative approach that aims at grouping similar samples closer and diverse samples far from each other. It it an efficient technique to train an encoder generating distinguishable and informative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Qing Chen , Jian Zhang

In last decades, legal case search has received more and more attention. Legal practitioners need to work or enhance their efficiency by means of class case search. In the process of searching, legal practitioners often need the search…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Ruizhe Zhang , Qingyao Ai , Yueyue Wu , Yixiao Ma , Yiqun Liu

Multimodal contrastive learning is a methodology for linking different data modalities; the canonical example is linking image and text data. The methodology is typically framed as the identification of a set of encoders, one for each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-02 Ricardo Baptista , Andrew M. Stuart , Son Tran

Identifying related entities and events within and across documents is fundamental to natural language understanding. We present an approach to entity and event coreference resolution utilizing contrastive representation learning. Earlier…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Benjamin Hsu , Graham Horwood

Identifying enzymes that catalyze target biochemical reactions is a key step in computational enzyme discovery and biocatalyst design. Recent representation-learning methods formulate this problem as enzyme--reaction matching, where paired…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-26 Gengmo Zhou , Feng Yu , Wenda Wang , Zhifeng Gao , Guolin Ke , Zhewei Wei , Zhen Wang

We focus on the problem of segmenting a certain object referred by a natural language sentence in video content, at the core of formulating a pinpoint vision-language relation. While existing attempts mainly construct such relation in an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Chen Liang , Yawei Luo , Yu Wu , Yi Yang

As an algorithmic framework for learning to learn, meta-learning provides a promising solution for few-shot text classification. However, most existing research fail to give enough attention to class labels. Traditional basic framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Guanghua Hou , Shuhui Cao , Deqiang Ouyang , Ning Wang

Recent research demonstrates the effectiveness of using pre-trained language models for legal case retrieval. Most of the existing works focus on improving the representation ability for the contextualized embedding of the [CLS] token and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Haitao Li , Qingyao Ai , Xinyan Han , Jia Chen , Qian Dong , Yiqun Liu , Chong Chen , Qi Tian

Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) is a fundamental task of legal artificial intelligence, aiming to automatically predict the judgment outcomes of legal cases. Existing LJP models primarily focus on identifying legal triggers within criminal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Buqiang Xu , Xin Dai , Zhenghao Liu , Huiyuan Xie , Xiaoyuan Yi , Shuo Wang , Yukun Yan , Liner Yang , Yu Gu , Ge Yu

Legal case retrieval plays an important role for legal practitioners to effectively retrieve relevant cases given a query case. Most existing neural legal case retrieval models directly encode the whole legal text of a case to generate a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Yanran Tang , Ruihong Qiu , Xue Li
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