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Many recent medical segmentation systems rely on powerful deep learning models to solve highly specific tasks. To maximize performance, it is standard practice to evaluate numerous pipelines with varying model topologies, optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-06 Mathias Perslev , Erik Bjørnager Dam , Akshay Pai , Christian Igel

Due to low tissue contrast, irregular object appearance, and unpredictable location variation, segmenting the objects from different medical imaging modalities (e.g., CT, MR) is considered as an important yet challenging task. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Jinquan Sun , Yinghuan Shi , Yang Gao , Lei Wang , Luping Zhou , Wanqi Yang , Dinggang Shen

Three-dimensional Ultrasound image segmentation methods are surveyed in this paper. The focus of this report is to investigate applications of these techniques and a review of the original ideas and concepts. Although many two-dimensional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-30 Mohammad Hamed Mozaffari , WonSook Lee

We focus on an important yet challenging problem: using a 2D deep network to deal with 3D segmentation for medical image analysis. Existing approaches either applied multi-view planar (2D) networks or directly used volumetric (3D) networks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Tianwei Ni , Lingxi Xie , Huangjie Zheng , Elliot K. Fishman , Alan L. Yuille

The field of biomedical imaging has undergone a rapid growth in recent years, mostly due to the implementation of ad-hoc designed experimental setups, theoretical support methods and numerical reconstructions. Especially for biological…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-06-30 Daniele Ancora

Automated 3D segmentation of prostate lesions from biparametric MRI (bp-MRI) is essential for reliable algorithmic analysis, but achieving high precision remains challenging. Volumetric methods must combine multiple modalities while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Cuiling Sun , Linkai Peng , Adam Murphy , Elif Keles , Hiten D. Patel , Ashley Ross , Frank Miller , Baris Turkbey , Andrea Mia Bejar , Halil Ertugrul Aktas , Gorkem Durak , Ulas Bagci

Semi-supervised learning has attracted much attention in medical image segmentation due to challenges in acquiring pixel-wise image annotations, which is a crucial step for building high-performance deep learning methods. Most existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Shuailin Li , Chuyu Zhang , Xuming He

Medical image segmentation has achieved remarkable advancements using deep neural networks (DNNs). However, DNNs often need big amounts of data and annotations for training, both of which can be difficult and costly to obtain. In this work,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Hengji Cui , Dong Wei , Kai Ma , Shi Gu , Yefeng Zheng

Fully-supervised lesion recognition methods in medical imaging face challenges due to the reliance on large annotated datasets, which are expensive and difficult to collect. To address this, synthetic lesion generation has become a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-16 Wenhui Lei , Henrui Tian , Linrui Dai , Hanyu Chen , Xiaofan Zhang

Current Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) methods mainly depend on medical images. The clinical information, which usually needs to be considered in practical clinical diagnosis, has not been fully employed in CAD. In this paper, we propose a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-11 Songxiao Yang , Xiabi Liu , Zhongshu Zheng , Wei Wang , Xiaohong Ma

In computer-assisted orthodontics, three-dimensional tooth models are required for many medical treatments. Tooth segmentation from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images is a crucial step in constructing the models. However, CBCT…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-06 Jiaxiang Liu , Tianxiang Hu , Yang Feng , Wanghui Ding , Zuozhu Liu

The labelling difficulty has been a longstanding problem in deep image matting. To escape from fine labels, this work explores using rough annotations such as trimaps coarsely indicating the foreground/background as supervision. We present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Wenze Liu , Zixuan Ye , Hao Lu , Zhiguo Cao , Xiangyu Yue

Automated segmentation is a fundamental medical image analysis task, which enjoys significant advances due to the advent of deep learning. While foundation models have been useful in natural language processing and some vision tasks for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Hanxue Gu , Haoyu Dong , Jichen Yang , Maciej A. Mazurowski

Current deep learning based segmentation models often generalize poorly between domains due to insufficient training data. In real-world clinical applications, cross-domain image analysis tools are in high demand since medical images from…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-15 Yingying Zhu , Youbao Tang , Yuxing Tang , Daniel C. Elton , Sungwon Lee , Perry J. Pickhardt , Ronald M. Summers

This work introduces a new latent diffusion model to generate high-quality 3D chest CT scans conditioned on 3D anatomical masks. The method synthesizes volumetric images of size 256x256x256 at 1 mm isotropic resolution using a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Anna Oliveras , Roger Marí , Rafael Redondo , Oriol Guardià , Ana Tost , Bhalaji Nagarajan , Carolina Migliorelli , Vicent Ribas , Petia Radeva

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) represents a state-of-the-art research advancement in natural image segmentation, achieving impressive results with input prompts such as points and bounding boxes. However, our evaluation and recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Junlong Cheng , Jin Ye , Zhongying Deng , Jianpin Chen , Tianbin Li , Haoyu Wang , Yanzhou Su , Ziyan Huang , Jilong Chen , Lei Jiang , Hui Sun , Junjun He , Shaoting Zhang , Min Zhu , Yu Qiao

Solving medical imaging data scarcity through semantic image generation has attracted growing attention in recent years. However, existing generative models mainly focus on synthesizing whole-organ or large-tissue structures, showing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-19 Jiahao Xia , Yutao Hu , Yaolei Qi , Zhenliang Li , Wenqi Shao , Junjun He , Ying Fu , Longjiang Zhang , Guanyu Yang

Monitoring treatment response in longitudinal studies plays an important role in clinical practice. Accurately identifying lesions across serial imaging follow-up is the core to the monitoring procedure. Typically this incorporates both…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Jinzheng Cai , Youbao Tang , Ke Yan , Adam P. Harrison , Jing Xiao , Gigin Lin , Le Lu

Like other applications in computer vision, medical image segmentation has been most successfully addressed using deep learning models that rely on the convolution operation as their main building block. Convolutions enjoy important…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-05 Davood Karimi , Serge Vasylechko , Ali Gholipour

Effective, robust, and automatic tools for brain tumor segmentation are needed for the extraction of information useful in treatment planning from magnetic resonance (MR) images. Context-aware artificial intelligence is an emerging concept…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-07 Iulian Emil Tampu , Neda Haj-Hosseini , Anders Eklund