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Reward models (RMs) are crucial for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, most RM research is centered on English and relies heavily on synthetic resources, which leads to limited and less reliable datasets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xueru Wen , Jie Lou , Zichao Li , Yaojie Lu , Xing Yu , Yuqiu Ji , Guohai Xu , Hongyu Lin , Ben He , Xianpei Han , Le Sun , Debing Zhang

Previously, neural methods in grammatical error correction (GEC) did not reach state-of-the-art results compared to phrase-based statistical machine translation (SMT) baselines. We demonstrate parallels between neural GEC and low-resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt , Roman Grundkiewicz , Shubha Guha , Kenneth Heafield

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), a paradigm that integrates external contextual information with large language models (LLMs) to enhance factual accuracy and relevance, has emerged as a pivotal area in generative AI. The LLMs used in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Shrey Pandit , Senthil Purushwalkam , Austin Xu , Hailin Chen , Yifei Ming , Zixuan Ke , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xong , Shafiq Joty

Designing task-oriented dialogue systems is a challenging research topic, since it needs not only to generate utterances fulfilling user requests but also to guarantee the comprehensibility. Many previous works trained end-to-end (E2E)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Jianhong Wang , Yuan Zhang , Tae-Kyun Kim , Yunjie Gu

Previous studies on Chinese semantic role labeling (SRL) have concentrated on single semantically annotated corpus. But the training data of single corpus is often limited. Meanwhile, there usually exists other semantically annotated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-16 Qiaolin Xia , Baobao Chang , Zhifang Sui

Current general-purpose large language models (LLMs) commonly exhibit knowledge hallucination and insufficient domain-specific adaptability in domain-specific tasks, limiting their effectiveness in specialized question answering scenarios.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Mengzheng Yang , Yanfei Ren , David Osei Opoku , Ruochang Li , Peng Ren , Chunxiao Xing

In this article, how word embeddings can be used as features in Chinese sentiment classification is presented. Firstly, a Chinese opinion corpus is built with a million comments from hotel review websites. Then the word embeddings which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-11-06 Yiou Lin , Hang Lei , Jia Wu , Xiaoyu Li

The development of Large Language Models (LLMs) often confronts challenges stemming from the heavy reliance on human annotators in the reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) framework, or the frequent and costly external queries…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Shangding Gu , Alois Knoll , Ming Jin

Existing methods for CWS usually rely on a large number of labeled sentences to train word segmentation models, which are expensive and time-consuming to annotate. Luckily, the unlabeled data is usually easy to collect and many high-quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Junxin Liu , Fangzhao Wu , Chuhan Wu , Yongfeng Huang , Xing Xie

Referring expression comprehension (REC) aims to localize a target object within an image based on a given expression. Although recent advances in vision-language models have led to substantial improvements in REC tasks, current REC…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zongjian Wu , Lei Zhang

Conversational speech recognition is regarded as a challenging task due to its free-style speaking and long-term contextual dependencies. Prior work has explored the modeling of long-range context through RNNLM rescoring with improved…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Kun Wei , Pengcheng Guo , Hang Lv , Zhen Tu , Lei Xie

A deep neural network (DNN)-based model has been developed to predict non-parametric distributions of durations of phonemes in specified phonetic contexts and used to explore which factors influence durations most. Major factors in US…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Xizi Wei , Melvyn Hunt , Adrian Skilling

Recursive Neural Network (RecNN), a type of models which compose words or phrases recursively over syntactic tree structures, has been proven to have superior ability to obtain sentence representation for a variety of NLP tasks. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-22 Gehui Shen , Zhi-Hong Deng , Ting Huang , Xi Chen

To audit the robustness of named entity recognition (NER) models, we propose RockNER, a simple yet effective method to create natural adversarial examples. Specifically, at the entity level, we replace target entities with other entities of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Bill Yuchen Lin , Wenyang Gao , Jun Yan , Ryan Moreno , Xiang Ren

Feedforward Neural Network (FNN)-based language models estimate the probability of the next word based on the history of the last N words, whereas Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) perform the same task based only on the last word and some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-24 Youssef Oualil , Clayton Greenberg , Mittul Singh , Dietrich Klakow

Neural methods have had several recent successes in semantic parsing, though they have yet to face the challenge of producing meaning representations based on formal semantics. We present a sequence-to-sequence neural semantic parser that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Rik van Noord , Lasha Abzianidze , Antonio Toral , Johan Bos

Long text classification is challenging for Large Language Models (LLMs) due to token limits and high computational costs. This study explores whether a Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) approach using only the most relevant text…

Most previous approaches to Chinese word segmentation formalize this problem as a character-based sequence labeling task where only contextual information within fixed sized local windows and simple interactions between adjacent tags can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-05 Deng Cai , Hai Zhao

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external information into the response generation process. However, how context-faithful LLMs are and what factors influence LLMs' context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Yuepei Li , Kang Zhou , Qiao Qiao , Bach Nguyen , Qing Wang , Qi Li

Most existing approaches for zero pronoun resolution are heavily relying on annotated data, which is often released by shared task organizers. Therefore, the lack of annotated data becomes a major obstacle in the progress of zero pronoun…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-25 Ting Liu , Yiming Cui , Qingyu Yin , Weinan Zhang , Shijin Wang , Guoping Hu