Related papers: Quantifying Quantum Causal Influences
In the formalism of measurement based quantum computation we start with a given fixed entangled state of many qubits and perform computation by applying a sequence of measurements to designated qubits in designated bases. The choice of…
In a recent work, arXiv:2503.05884, we proposed a unified notion of nonclassicality that applies to arbitrary processes in quantum theory, including individual quantum states, measurements, channels, set of these, etc. This notion is…
In randomized experiments with non-compliance scholars have argued that the complier average causal effect (CACE) ought to be the main causal estimand. The literature on inference of the complier average treatment effect (CACE) has focused…
Over the past two decades, the rapid surge in data-intensive computational techniques for statistical modeling may have had the effect of diminishing the use of applied mathematics in causal scientific inquiry. In this paper, co-authored by…
Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and quantum computing are accelerating automation in scientific and engineering processes, fundamentally reshaping research methodologies. This perspective highlights parallels between…
Although the foundations of quantum and classical physics are much different, it is often difficult to pinpoint which features of a particular system are intrinsically "quantum". Perhapse, the most clear-cut distinction between "classical"…
Quantum computing, leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics, has been found to significantly enhance computational capabilities in principle, in some cases beyond classical computing limits. This paper explores quantum computing's…
Conditional quantile treatment effect (CQTE) can provide insight into the effect of a treatment beyond the conditional average treatment effect (CATE). This ability to provide information over multiple quantiles of the response makes CQTE…
We show that for two initially excited qubits, interacting via dipole forces and with a common reservoir, entanglement is preceded by the emergence of quantum and classical correlations. After a time lag, entanglement finally starts…
Reichenbach's principle asserts that if two observed variables are found to be correlated, then there should be a causal explanation of these correlations. Furthermore, if the explanation is in terms of a common cause, then the conditional…
The quantum fluctuations of a physical property can be observed in the measurement statistics of any measurement that is at least partially sensitive to that physical property. Quantum theory indicates that the effective distribution of…
The possibility to explain quantum correlations via (possibly) unknown causal influences propagating gradually and continuously at a finite speed v > c has attracted a lot of attention recently. In particular, it could be shown that this…
We explain the quantum structure as due to the presence of two effects, (a) a real change of state of the entity under influence of the measurement and, (b) a lack of knowledge about a deeper deterministic reality of the measurement…
Recent years have seen significant activity on the problem of using data for the purpose of learning properties of quantum systems or of processing classical or quantum data via quantum computing. As in classical learning, quantum learning…
The discovery of causal relations from observed data has attracted significant interest from disciplines such as economics, social sciences, and biology. In practical applications, considerable knowledge of the underlying systems is often…
For many-particle systems, quantum information in base n can be defined by partitioning the set of states according to the outcomes of n-ary (joint) observables. Thereby, k particles can carry k nits. With regards to the randomness of…
We study the relation of causal influence between input systems of a reversible evolution and its output systems, in the context of operational probabilistic theories. We analyse two different definitions that are borrowed from the…
Quantification is the task of estimating, given a set $\sigma$ of unlabelled items and a set of classes $\mathcal{C}=\{c_{1}, \ldots, c_{|\mathcal{C}|}\}$, the prevalence (or `relative frequency') in $\sigma$ of each class $c_{i}\in…
Quantum entanglement is a foundational resource in quantum information science, underpinning applications across physics. However, detecting and quantifying entanglement remains a significant challenge. In this article, we introduce a…
The quantum equivalence principle says that, for any given point, it is possible to find a quantum coordinate system with respect to which we have definite causal structure in the vicinity of that point. It is conjectured that this…