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Increasingly sophisticated mathematical modelling processes from Machine Learning are being used to analyse complex data. However, the performance and explainability of these models within practical critical systems requires a rigorous and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Xingyu Zhao , Alec Banks , James Sharp , Valentin Robu , David Flynn , Michael Fisher , Xiaowei Huang

Formal verification provides critical security assurances for neural networks, yet its practical application suffers from the long verification time. This work introduces a novel method for training verification-friendly neural networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zongxin Liu , Zhe Zhao , Fu Song , Jun Sun , Pengfei Yang , Xiaowei Huang , Lijun Zhang

In this paper, we study the robustness of safety properties of a linear dynamical system with respect to model uncertainties. Our paper involves three parts. In the first part, we provide symbolic (analytical) and numerical (representation…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-17 Bineet Ghosh , Parasara Sridhar Duggirala

The increasing use of deep neural networks for safety-critical applications, such as autonomous driving and flight control, raises concerns about their safety and reliability. Formal verification can address these concerns by guaranteeing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Lindsey Kuper , Guy Katz , Justin Gottschlich , Kyle Julian , Clark Barrett , Mykel Kochenderfer

The increasing integration of deep neural networks in critical systems has spawned a theoretical and practical interest in formally guaranteeing safety properties about their behavior. To achieve this, contemporary verification algorithms…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ido Shmuel , Guy Katz

In the past few years, significant progress has been made on deep neural networks (DNNs) in achieving human-level performance on several long-standing tasks. With the broader deployment of DNNs on various applications, the concerns over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Xiaowei Huang , Daniel Kroening , Wenjie Ruan , James Sharp , Youcheng Sun , Emese Thamo , Min Wu , Xinping Yi

Current approaches to neural network verification focus on specifications that target small regions around known input data points, such as local robustness. Thus, using these approaches, we can not obtain guarantees for inputs that are not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-23 David Boetius , Stefan Leue

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely used in perception systems for safety-critical applications, such as autonomous driving and robotics. However, DNNs remain vulnerable to various safety concerns, including generalization errors,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Albert Schotschneider , Svetlana Pavlitska , J. Marius Zöllner

Formal verification is only as good as the specification of a system, which is also true for neural network verification. Existing specifications follow the paradigm of data as specification, where the local neighborhood around a reference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Chuqin Geng , Zhaoyue Wang , Haolin Ye , Xujie Si

Machine learning (ML) has recently created many new success stories. Hence, there is a strong motivation to use ML technology in software-intensive systems, including safety-critical systems. This raises the issue of safety verification of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Hermann Kaindl , Stefan Kramer

Neural networks (NNs) are becoming increasingly popular in the design of control pipelines for autonomous systems. However, since the performance of NNs can degrade in the presence of out-of-distribution data or adversarial attacks, systems…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-02 Nicholas Rober , Jonathan P. How

In this paper, we consider the problem of formally verifying the safety of an autonomous robot equipped with a Neural Network (NN) controller that processes LiDAR images to produce control actions. Given a workspace that is characterized by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Xiaowu Sun , Haitham Khedr , Yasser Shoukry

Robust control problems have significant practical implications since external disturbances can significantly impact the performance of control methods. Existing robust control methods excel at control-affine systems but fail at neural…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-17 Huixuan Cheng , Hanjiang Hu , Changliu Liu

Deep convolutional neural networks have been widely employed as an effective technique to handle complex and practical problems. However, one of the fundamental problems is the lack of formal methods to analyze their behavior. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Xiaodong Yang , Tomoya Yamaguchi , Hoang-Dung Tran , Bardh Hoxha , Taylor T Johnson , Danil Prokhorov

Designing provably safe control is a core problem in trustworthy autonomy. However, most prior work in this regard assumes either that the system dynamics are known or deterministic, or that the state and action space are finite,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Xinhang Ma , Junlin Wu , Yiannis Kantaros , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

Neural networks are now extensively used in perception, prediction and control of autonomous systems. Their deployment in safety-critical systems brings forth the need for verification techniques for such networks. As an alternative to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Moumita Das , Rajarshi Ray , Swarup Kumar Mohalik , Ansuman Banerjee

Neural networks can be used as approximations of several complex control schemes such as model predictive control. We show in this paper which properties deep neural networks with rectifier linear units as activation functions need to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-02 Benjamin Karg , Sergio Lucia

Deep neural networks (NNs) for computer vision are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, i.e., miniscule malicious changes to inputs may induce unintuitive outputs. One key approach to verify and mitigate such robustness issues is to falsify…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Raik Dankworth , Gesina Schwalbe

Local robustness verification can verify that a neural network is robust wrt. any perturbation to a specific input within a certain distance. We call this distance Robustness Radius. We observe that the robustness radii of correctly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Jiangchao Liu , Liqian Chen , Antoine Mine , Ji Wang

Stability certification and identifying a safe and stabilizing initial set are two important concerns in ensuring operational safety, stability, and robustness of dynamical systems. With the advent of machine-learning tools, these issues…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Soumyabrata Talukder , Ratnesh Kumar