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Navigating complex social situations is an integral part of corporate life, ranging from giving critical feedback without hurting morale to rejecting requests without alienating teammates. Although large language models (LLMs) are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Dang Nguyen , Harvey Yiyun Fu , Peter West , Ari Holtzman , Chenhao Tan

Many real-life scenarios require humans to make difficult trade-offs: do we always follow all the traffic rules or do we violate the speed limit in an emergency? These scenarios force us to evaluate the trade-off between collective norms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Arie Glazier , Andrea Loreggia , Nicholas Mattei , Taher Rahgooy , Francesca Rossi , K. Brent Venable

Despite rapid technological progress, effective human-machine cooperation remains a significant challenge. Humans tend to cooperate less with machines than with fellow humans, a phenomenon known as the machine penalty. Here, we show that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Zhen Wang , Ruiqi Song , Chen Shen , Shiya Yin , Zhao Song , Balaraju Battu , Lei Shi , Danyang Jia , Talal Rahwan , Shuyue Hu

AI systems are becoming increasingly intertwined with human life. In order to effectively collaborate with humans and ensure safety, AI systems need to be able to understand, interpret and predict human moral judgments and decisions. Human…

To predict what someone will say is to model how they think. We study this through next-turn dialogue prediction: given a conversation, predict the next utterance produced by a person. We compare learning approaches along two dimensions:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Kanishk Gandhi , Agam Bhatia , Noah D. Goodman

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown potential in simulating human behaviors and performing theory-of-mind (ToM) reasoning, a crucial skill for complex social interactions. In this study, we investigate the role of ToM reasoning in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Neemesh Yadav , Palakorn Achananuparp , Jing Jiang , Ee-Peng Lim

We explore how an AI model's decision fairness affects people's engagement with and perceived fairness of the model if they are subject to its decisions, but could repeatedly and strategically respond to these decisions. Two types of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Meric Altug Gemalmaz , Ming Yin

Constructing a universal moral code for artificial intelligence (AI) is difficult or even impossible, given that different human cultures have different definitions of morality and different societal norms. We therefore argue that the value…

The mental models that humans form of other agents---encapsulating human beliefs about agent goals, intentions, capabilities, and more---create an underlying basis for interaction. These mental models have the potential to affect both the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Connor Brooks , Daniel Szafir

How to attribute responsibility for autonomous artificial intelligence (AI) systems' actions has been widely debated across the humanities and social science disciplines. This work presents two experiments ($N$=200 each) that measure…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Gabriel Lima , Nina Grgić-Hlača , Meeyoung Cha

We introduce a new computational model of moral decision making, drawing on a recent theory of commonsense moral learning via social dynamics. Our model describes moral dilemmas as a utility function that computes trade-offs in values over…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-16 Richard Kim , Max Kleiman-Weiner , Andres Abeliuk , Edmond Awad , Sohan Dsouza , Josh Tenenbaum , Iyad Rahwan

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit expert-level performance in tasks across a wide range of different domains. Ethical issues raised by LLMs and the need to align future versions makes it important to know how state of the art models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Guilherme F. C. F. Almeida , José Luiz Nunes , Neele Engelmann , Alex Wiegmann , Marcelo de Araújo

User simulation is an emerging interdisciplinary topic with multiple critical applications in the era of Generative AI. It involves creating an intelligent agent that mimics the actions of a human user interacting with an AI system,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Krisztian Balog , ChengXiang Zhai

Recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI) has renewed interest in building systems that learn and think like people. Many advances have come from using deep neural networks trained end-to-end in tasks such as object recognition, video…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-11-03 Brenden M. Lake , Tomer D. Ullman , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Samuel J. Gershman

Reinforcement learning systems will to a greater and greater extent make decisions that significantly impact the well-being of humans, and it is therefore essential that these systems make decisions that conform to our expectations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Tue Herlau

As AI agents become increasingly capable of tool use and long-horizon tasks, they have begun to be deployed in settings where multiple agents can interact. However, whereas prior work has mostly focused on human-AI interactions, there is an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Olivia Long , Carter Teplica

As AI systems shape individual and societal decisions, fostering critical AI literacy is essential. Traditional approaches, such as blog articles, static lessons, and social media discussions, often fail to support deep conceptual…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Yiling Zhao , Audrey Michal , Nithum Thain , Hari Subramonyam

Cognitive modeling, which explores the essence of cognition, including motivation, emotion, and perception, has been widely applied in the artificial intelligence (AI) agent domains, such as robotics. From the computational perspective,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Qin Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have increasingly been utilized in social simulations, where they are often guided by carefully crafted instructions to stably exhibit human-like behaviors during simulations. Nevertheless, we doubt the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Zengqing Wu , Run Peng , Shuyuan Zheng , Qianying Liu , Xu Han , Brian Inhyuk Kwon , Makoto Onizuka , Shaojie Tang , Chuan Xiao

A common vision from science fiction is that robots will one day inhabit our physical spaces, sense the world as we do, assist our physical labours, and communicate with us through natural language. Here we study how to design artificial…