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This paper studies a category of visual question answering tasks, in which accessing external knowledge is necessary for answering the questions. This category is called outside-knowledge visual question answering (OK-VQA). A major step in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Alireza Salemi , Mahta Rafiee , Hamed Zamani

Knowledge-based visual question answering (VQA) requires answering questions with external knowledge in addition to the content of images. One dataset that is mostly used in evaluating knowledge-based VQA is OK-VQA, but it lacks a gold…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Man Luo , Yankai Zeng , Pratyay Banerjee , Chitta Baral

While large visual-language models (LVLM) have shown promising results on traditional visual question answering benchmarks, it is still challenging for them to answer complex VQA problems which requires diverse world knowledge. Motivated by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Dongze Hao , Qunbo Wang , Longteng Guo , Jie Jiang , Jing Liu

Outside-knowledge visual question answering (OK-VQA) requires the agent to comprehend the image, make use of relevant knowledge from the entire web, and digest all the information to answer the question. Most previous works address the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Feng Gao , Qing Ping , Govind Thattai , Aishwarya Reganti , Ying Nian Wu , Prem Natarajan

The task of Outside Knowledge Visual Question Answering (OKVQA) requires an automatic system to answer natural language questions about pictures and images using external knowledge. We observe that many visual questions, which contain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Jiawen Zhang , Abhijit Mishra , Avinesh P. V. S , Siddharth Patwardhan , Sachin Agarwal

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) with large language models (LLMs) plays a crucial role in question answering, as LLMs possess limited knowledge and are not updated with continuously growing information. Most recent work on RAG has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Shichao Kan , Yuhai Deng , Jiale Fu , Lihui Cen , Zhe Qu , Linna Zhang , Yixiong Liang , Yigang Cen

Most Outside-Knowledge Visual Question Answering (OK-VQA) systems employ a two-stage framework that first retrieves external knowledge given the visual question and then predicts the answer based on the retrieved content. However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Jialin Wu , Raymond J. Mooney

Visual Question Answering (VQA) in its ideal form lets us study reasoning in the joint space of vision and language and serves as a proxy for the AI task of scene understanding. However, most VQA benchmarks to date are focused on questions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Kenneth Marino , Mohammad Rastegari , Ali Farhadi , Roozbeh Mottaghi

Dense passage retrieval (DPR) is the first step in the retrieval augmented generation (RAG) paradigm for improving the performance of large language models (LLM). DPR fine-tunes pre-trained networks to enhance the alignment of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Benjamin Reichman , Larry Heck

Visual Question Answering (VQA) has attracted much attention since it offers insight into the relationships between the multi-modal analysis of images and natural language. Most of the current algorithms are incapable of answering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Guohao Li , Hang Su , Wenwu Zhu

Visual question answering (VQA) is a Multidisciplinary research problem that pursued through practices of natural language processing and computer vision. Visual question answering automatically answers natural language questions according…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-01 Param Ahir , Hiteishi Diwanji

In this work, we address multi-modal information needs that contain text questions and images by focusing on passage retrieval for outside-knowledge visual question answering. This task requires access to outside knowledge, which in our…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Chen Qu , Hamed Zamani , Liu Yang , W. Bruce Croft , Erik Learned-Miller

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged to address the knowledge-intensive visual question answering (VQA) task. Current methods mainly employ separate retrieval and generation modules to acquire external knowledge and generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Xinwei Long , Zhiyuan Ma , Ermo Hua , Kaiyan Zhang , Biqing Qi , Bowen Zhou

Knowledge-based visual question answering (KB-VQA) is a challenging task, which requires the model to leverage external knowledge for comprehending and answering questions grounded in visual content. Recent studies retrieve the knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Dongze Hao , Jian Jia , Longteng Guo , Qunbo Wang , Te Yang , Yan Li , Yanhua Cheng , Bo Wang , Quan Chen , Han Li , Jing Liu

Knowledge-based visual question answering (KB-VQA) requires visual language models (VLMs) to integrate visual understanding with external knowledge retrieval. Although retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) achieves significant advances in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yuyang Hong , Jiaqi Gu , Qi Yang , Lubin Fan , Yue Wu , Ying Wang , Kun Ding , Shiming Xiang , Jieping Ye

One of the most intriguing features of the Visual Question Answering (VQA) challenge is the unpredictability of the questions. Extracting the information required to answer them demands a variety of image operations from detection and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-12-19 Peng Wang , Qi Wu , Chunhua Shen , Anton van den Hengel

Knowledge-intensive tasks, particularly open-domain question answering (ODQA), document reranking, and retrieval-augmented language modeling, require a balance between retrieval accuracy and generative flexibility. Traditional retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Abdelrahman Abdallah , Jamshid Mozafari , Bhawna Piryani , Mohammed Ali , Adam Jatowt

Knowledge-based visual question answering (KB-VQA) requires vision-language models to understand images and use external knowledge, especially for rare entities and long-tail facts. Most existing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Zhuohong Chen , Zhenxian Wu , Yunyao Yu , Hangrui Xu , Zirui Liao , Zhifang Liu , Xiangwen Deng , Pen Jiao , Haoqian Wang

Knowledge-based Vision Question Answering (KB-VQA) systems address complex visual-grounded questions with knowledge retrieved from external knowledge bases. The tasks of knowledge retrieval and answer generation tasks both necessitate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jiaqi Deng , Kaize Shi , Zonghan Wu , Huan Huo , Dingxian Wang , Guandong Xu

Visual Question Answering (VQA) focuses on providing answers to natural language questions by utilizing information from images. Although cutting-edge multimodal large language models (MLLMs) such as GPT-4o achieve strong performance on VQA…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Zhengxuan Zhang , Yin Wu , Yuyu Luo , Nan Tang
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