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Large Language Models (LLMs) have impressive data fusion and reasoning capabilities for autonomous driving (AD). However, training LLMs for AD faces significant challenges including high computation transmission costs, and privacy concerns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Tianao Xiang , Mingjian Zhi , Yuanguo Bi , Lin Cai , Yuhao Chen

Recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel in vision-language understanding but face challenges in adapting to dynamic real-world scenarios that require continuous integration of new knowledge and skills. While continual learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Hongbo Zhao , Fei Zhu , Haiyang Guo , Meng Wang , Rundong Wang , Gaofeng Meng , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Continual learning with vision-language models like CLIP offers a pathway toward scalable machine learning systems by leveraging its transferable representations. Existing CLIP-based methods adapt the pre-trained image encoder by adding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Mao-Lin Luo , Zi-Hao Zhou , Tong Wei , Min-Ling Zhang

Deep Neural Networks trained in a fully supervised fashion are the dominant technology in perception-based autonomous driving systems. While collecting large amounts of unlabeled data is already a major undertaking, only a subset of it can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Elmar Haussmann , Michele Fenzi , Kashyap Chitta , Jan Ivanecky , Hanson Xu , Donna Roy , Akshita Mittel , Nicolas Koumchatzky , Clement Farabet , Jose M. Alvarez

There have been significant advancements in anomaly detection in an unsupervised manner, where only normal images are available for training. Several recent methods aim to detect anomalies based on a memory, comparing or reconstructing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Joo Chan Lee , Taejune Kim , Eunbyung Park , Simon S. Woo , Jong Hwan Ko

Continual Learning (CL) aims to learn new data while remembering previously acquired knowledge. In contrast to CL for image classification, CL for Object Detection faces additional challenges such as the missing annotations problem. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Riccardo De Monte , Davide Dalle Pezze , Marina Ceccon , Francesco Pasti , Francesco Paissan , Elisabetta Farella , Gian Antonio Susto , Nicola Bellotto

Autonomous driving involves complex tasks such as data fusion, object and lane detection, behavior prediction, and path planning. As opposed to the modular approach which dedicates individual subsystems to tackle each of those tasks, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Mahmoud M. Kishky , Hesham M. Eraqi , Khaled F. Elsayed

Temporal understanding in autonomous driving (AD) remains a significant challenge, even for recent state-of-the-art (SoTA) Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Prior work has introduced datasets and benchmarks aimed at improving temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Kevin Cannons , Saeed Ranjbar Alvar , Mohammad Asiful Hossain , Ahmad Rezaei , Mohsen Gholami , Alireza Heidarikhazaei , Zhou Weimin , Yong Zhang , Mohammad Akbari

Open-world perception aims to develop a model adaptable to novel domains and various sensor configurations and can understand uncommon objects and corner cases. However, current research lacks sufficiently comprehensive open-world 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zhongyu Xia , Jishuo Li , Zhiwei Lin , Xinhao Wang , Yongtao Wang , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Complementary Labels Learning (CLL) arises in many real-world tasks such as private questions classification and online learning, which aims to alleviate the annotation cost compared with standard supervised learning. Unfortunately, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Zhongnian Li , Jian Zhang , Mengting Xu , Xinzheng Xu , Daoqiang Zhang

In the pursuit of robust autonomous driving systems, models trained on real-world datasets often struggle to adapt to new environments, particularly when confronted with corner cases such as extreme weather conditions. Collecting these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Jiacheng Zuo , Haibo Hu , Zikang Zhou , Yufei Cui , Ziquan Liu , Jianping Wang , Nan Guan , Jin Wang , Chun Jason Xue

Lane detection is a fundamental task in autonomous driving. While the problem is typically formulated as the detection of continuous boundaries, we study the problem of detecting lane boundaries that are sparsely marked by 2D points with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Ivo Ivanov , Carsten Markgraf

Unsupervised anomaly detection (AD) is a fundamental problem in machine learning and statistics. A popular approach to unsupervised AD is clustering-based detection. However, this method lacks the ability to guarantee the reliability of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-29 Nguyen Thi Minh Phu , Duong Tan Loc , Vo Nguyen Le Duy

Continual learning (CL) is widely regarded as crucial challenge for lifelong AI. However, existing CL benchmarks, e.g. Permuted-MNIST and Split-CIFAR, make use of artificial temporal variation and do not align with or generalize to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Zhiqiu Lin , Jia Shi , Deepak Pathak , Deva Ramanan

High infraction rates remain the primary bottleneck for end-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving, as evidenced by the low driving scores on the CARLA Leaderboard. Despite collision-related infractions being the dominant failure mode in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Alex Koran , Dimitrios Sinodinos , Hadi Hojjati , Takuya Nanri , Fangge Chen , Narges Armanfard

Continuous/Lifelong learning of high-dimensional data streams is a challenging research problem. In fact, fully retraining models each time new data become available is infeasible, due to computational and storage issues, while na\"ive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-05-11 Vincenzo Lomonaco , Davide Maltoni

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved superhuman performance in multiple vision tasks, especially image classification. However, unlike humans, CNNs leverage spurious features, such as background information to make decisions.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Ke Wang , Harshitha Machiraju , Oh-Hyeon Choung , Michael Herzog , Pascal Frossard

Autonomous driving systems need to handle complex scenarios such as lane following, avoiding collisions, taking turns, and responding to traffic signals. In recent years, approaches based on end-to-end behavioral cloning have demonstrated…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Keishi Ishihara , Anssi Kanervisto , Jun Miura , Ville Hautamäki

As the Computer Vision community rapidly develops and advances algorithms for autonomous driving systems, the goal of safer and more efficient autonomous transportation is becoming increasingly achievable. However, it is 2024, and we still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Ali K. AlShami , Ananya Kalita , Ryan Rabinowitz , Khang Lam , Rishabh Bezbarua , Terrance Boult , Jugal Kalita

In autonomous driving, the temporal stability of 3D object detection greatly impacts the driving safety. However, the detection stability cannot be accessed by existing metrics such as mAP and MOTA, and consequently is less explored by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Jiabao Wang , Qiang Meng , Guochao Liu , Liujiang Yan , Ke Wang , Ming-Ming Cheng , Qibin Hou